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Transportation of fresh fish: mathematical model for the expenditure pattern
(Society of Fisheries Technologists (India), Cochin, 1982) Rao, K.K.; Unnithan, G.R.
Taking into account the main factors of expenditure in the transportation of fish from one centre to another, mathematical models are developed for iced, frozen and ice/re-iced (enroute) fish for calculation of expenditure (in the transportation). these models helps us to arrive at the average expenditure involved under different sets of conditions so that the most economical methods of transportation under given conditions can be choser.
Statistical studieson gear efficiency
(Society of Fisheries Technologists (India), Cochin, 1982) Nair, A.K.K.; Alagaraja, K.
In this paper it is indicated that there exists a critical number above which the relative efficiencies are discernible and below which, it is not possible to indicate whether one gear is more efficient than the other. This region where indication of relative efficiency is not possible, is termed as null region. The concept of null region and evaluation of Nc the critical number is dealt with and a mathematical model is found using simulation technique. In case of effective region, method of comparing efficiencies is pointed out.
Idle capacity of fish processing (freezing) plants in india-a comparative study of plants in east and west coasts
(Society of Fisheries Technologists (India), Cochin, 1985) Iyer, H.K.; Rao, P.S.; Nair, A.K.K.; Nair, R.G.
The extent of idle capacity in the fish processing plants in India estimated by a stratified sampling plan for 1978 to 1981 and the comparison of the idle capacity in the west and east coasts are reported. There was no appreciable difference in the idle capacity of plants between the coasts. a marked decreasing trend in the idle capacity was observed in both the coasts for he period under study. Causes for under utilisation and remedial measures are analysed.
Economics of operation of fishing vessels (trawlers)
(Society of Fisheries Technologists (India), Cochin, 1985) Iyer, H.K.; Unnithan, G.R.; Rao, P.S.; Nair, A.K.K.; Nair, R.G.
The economics of operation of fishing trawlers of 9.75m and 10.97m overall length is reported on the basis of a case study. There is a significant positive correlation between the number of fishing trips and the average receipts per trip. The profits of the 9.75m and 10.97m trawlers for the fishing season were 26.9% and 21.7% respectively on the basis of 225 fishing trips in a year. The break even point for the trawlers lies between 175 and 185 fishing trips. Fuel cost contributes nearly 45% of the cost of operation of the boat. Subsidy to diesel oil was suggested to improve the profitability of the fishing trawlers.
Experience of cift in transferring fisheries technologies for employment generation among fisherwomen
(Society of Fisheries Technologists (India), Cochin, 1988) Kandoran, M.K.; Thiagarajan, R.; Annamalai, V.; Thomas, M.
This paper deals with the technology transfer programmes undertaken by Central Institute of Fisheries Technology for employment generation among coastal women.
Technological empowerment of fishrfolk
(Society of Fisheries Technologists (India), 1988) Srinath, K.
Development of fisheries sector in India depends to a great extent on the technological empowerment of small fisherman and farmers. Despite the efforts towards technology development and transfer, rural folk are not able to use them due to lack of organised effort and effective extension work. This paper discusses the role played by a women's organisation in a fishing village in transfer of fisheries technologies which can serve as a role model.
Fishery techology package for the development of coastal women
(Society of Fisheries Technologists (India), Cochin, 1988) Cecily, P.J.
The mechanisation of fishing vessels, introduction of different type of synthetic fibres for fish nets and modernisation of fishing gear and methods have revolutionised fishing resulting in substancial increase in the catches. This necessitated appropriate development in post-harvest technologies such as handling and storage , quality, standards, preservation etc. and the Central Institute of Fisheries Technology has played a key role in the R & D activities pertaining to these aspects. The paper deals with organisation of training programmes in the field of hygenic handling of fish/shell fish, preparation of diversified products and utilization of fish waste by conversion into useful byproducts with a view to opening up employment opportunities to coastal women. In collaboration with the department of Science and Technology (Govt. of India), the Central Institute of Fisheries Technology has already trained three batches of 25 women each from coastal fishing villages Chellanam and nearby Vypeen islands. The establishment of village level women cooperative societies, setting up of production units based on location-specific programmes, quality evaluation, market promotion of fish products are some of the areas requiring technical guidance and financial assistance from the Government/voluntary agencies.
Economics of operation of fishing vessels for low energy fishing
(Society of Fisheries Technologists (India), Cochin, 1993) Iyer, H.K.
Gill netting and line fishing are considered to be two most important methods of low energy fishing as vessels engaged in these types of fishing activities do not expend fuel for towing heavy nets and further, fishing grounds are not damaged by fishing activities. These types of fishing activities are seasonal and mostly depend on the types of fishery. The maintenance cost of these types of vessels ranges between 6 and 8% of capital cost per annum and the annual profit ranges from 15 to 25%. Even in the face of declining trend in energy yield and increasing trend in the variable cost of production, this type of low energy fishing activities could survive profitably.
Communication of innovations among traditional fishermen
(Society of Fisheries Technologists (India), Cochin, 1993) Balasubramaniam, S.; Kandoran, M.K.; Mohan, B.
Communication of technological innovations is a fundamental pre-requisite for their rapid diffusion and adoption among traditional fishermen. This paper aims to highlight the conceptual framework of communication process, the communication behaviour of traditional fishermen and the factors influencing the communication of innovations. In traditional fishery sector, due to mechanization of country craft, several socio-personal and technological factors interplay and influence the communication behaviour. Their nature of influence and scope are presented in this paper. Further, the information sources utilized by fishermen, their information need and the credibility of various sources of information would facilitate the communication planners and administrators to strengthen the communication of technologies among fishermen.
Economic and behavioural trends in low energy fishing in the south coast of india
(Society of Fisheries Technologists (India), Cochin, 1993) Annamalai, V.; Kandoran, M.K.
Artisanal fishing in India based on low energy and low capital investment continues to be a paralled system of fishing against the more modern industrial fishing sector. Choice of low energy and low capital intensive techniques in fisheries is encouraged as much by the steep rise of fuel prices as by the traditional factors of labour abundance and the nature of domestic demand for fish. The recent adoption of outboard motors in traditional craft on a wider scale underscores the point that the choice of low energy fishing techniques is not to be equated with lack of economic rationalism and dynamism. This intermediate technology has enhanced the economic viability of artisanal fishing in the face of competition from mechanised sector. The innovation has further set in motion important organizational and behavioural changes in the traditional fishing sector.
Economics of idle capacity-an exercise in methods
(Cochin University of Science and Technology, 1998) Annamalai, V.
Idle capacity in the sense of excess of fixed production facilities in relation to normal turnover will add to cost of production without adding to value and also could result in the wastage of capital, a scarce resource. Identification and quantification of idle capacity in fish processing industries is a difficult task given the high seasonality of raw material a short season could remain unused for better part of the year. Under what price and cost conditions such production capacity could turn idle or otherwise is explored using the welknown technique of marginal analysis.
Development programme for women in fisheries
(Society of Fisheries Technologists (India), Cochin, 1998) Cecily, P.J.
Role of women in fisheries is now being increasingly recognised. However, lack of financial support, management skills, planning and operational constraints retard the progress of their participation. The priorities and targets with regard to increased awareness and information to ensure project success are discussed. Commitment and support of policy makers and government are essential to achieve the goal. The success of project implementation also depends on sharing of infrastructure with research and educational institutions. Appropriate steps are needed at state level to implement gender sensitive projects. Adequate funds also need to be provided for dissemination of technological advancement to the target women group.
Evaluation of technology transfer and impact among fishermen
(Cochin University of Science and Technology, 1998) Balasubramaniam, S.; Kandoran, M.K.; Mohan, B.; Bihari, B.
This paper presents the evaluation of technology transfer and impact in terms of the adoption behaviour and communication behaviour of the clientele system. The fishermen operating plankbuilt crafts in Kerala had higher mean scores than the fishermen operating catamarans. Among the samples from Tamilnadu, the adoption behaviour did not differ significantly though the communication behaviour components differed significantly between the fishermen categories. In the multiple regression analysis, the R super(2) values revealed that 59.62% to 60.19% variations in the communication behaviour and 79.73% to 90.74% variations in the adoption behaviour were jointly influenced by the selected independent variables among the fishermen operating plankbuilt crafts. The extent of adoption of technological practices (44.23% to 59.52%) in all categories revealed the scope to improve the technological adoption through comprehensive marine fisheries extension schemes.
Legislation on export inspection in India
(Central Institute of Fisheries Technology, 2000) Mukundan, M.K.
To ensure minimum quality for a large variety of manufactured products Government of India established Indian Standards Institution in 1947, which was later renamed as Bureau of Indian Standards.
Socio-economic variables of fishermen in Hirakud reservoir and the technological adoption
(Society of Fisheries Technologists (India), Cochin, 2001) Balasubramaniam, S.; Bihari, B.
This paper deals with the socio-economic variables of reservoir fishermen, their levels of attitude, knowledge and adoption, and the variables associated with the extent of adoption of technology practices . The study was conducted in two fishing villages viz ., Larbhanga and Sanutikira in Hirakud reservoir area . The average annual income of fishermen in Sanutikira centre (mean : Rs . 52,900) was significantly higher than the fishermen in Larbhanga centre (mean : Rs . 34,500) . Of the 13 variables, fishermen in the two villages had differed significantly only on 6 variables . The extent of adoption of technological practices in the two villages did not differ significantly . About 27 % of the respondents in Larbhanga and 11 % in Sanutikira did not own any fishing craft, and all the respondents had owned fishing gear. The differential characteristics of reservoir fishermen operating three categories of nets, viz ., gill nets, shore seines, and gill net combinations were evaluated . Investment on fishing craft and fishing nets, number of family members and risk preference were found to have positive and significant correlation with the extent of adoption of technological practices .
Economic status of the fishermen of malampuzha reservoir
(Society of Fisheries Technologists (India), Cochin, 2001) Mohan, B.
This study is an attempt to bring to light the economic and social conditions of inland fishermen of Malampuzha reservoir, based on the primary data collected from a sample of 24 riverine fishermen who constitute more than 50% of the total number of fishermen in the study area. all these fishermen are members of Malampuzha SC/ST Reservoir Fisheries Cooperative Society. Data were collected by interview method using a pre-tested questionare. 79.17% of respondents are literate, though the literacy is largely confined to primary level (45.83%). Both agriculture and fisheries provide work during the season and most of the people, both men and women, shift from one type of job to another based on season. The financial status and living conditions of the respondents are discussed.
Impact of the institutional training on the quality control practices in fish processing centres
(Society of Fisheries Technologists (India), Cochin, 2002) Balasubramaniam, S.; Srinath, K.
The paper deals with the evaluation of the various institutional training activities and the impact of training on the fish processing workers in Cochin and Tuticorin regions. The results revealed that the overall training evaluation index was 83.79% for Cochin region and 82.91% for Tuticorin region. The higher index scores revealed that in both centres, the training courses were organised more effectively among the processing workers. The overall impact scores (Mean = 83.5% and 93.39% ) were also found to be high. Further, the use of adequate water for washing, proper icing of materials, use of cleaning schedules and proper methods of storage had increased as a result of these training courses among the processing workers.
Seasonal variation in prices of Indian frozen shrimp in Japanese market
(Society of Fisheries Technologists (India), Cochin, 2002) Gopal, N.; Unnithan, G.R.; Nair, V.R.
The movement of prices of any commodity is controlled by a number of market forces. The supply and demand of marine products in the international market are also influenced by fish landings in the supplying countries and level of inventory, changing consumer behavior, etc. in the importing countries. They are, however, found to follow a regular seasonal pattern. The prices of these products reflect the seasonal behavior. The present study based on price movements of different size grades of HL white , HL flower and black tiger has been carried out to understand how the seasonal variation is reflected in the prices of Indian frozen shrimp in the Japanese market. apart from understanding the pattern of seasonal variation, the study has revealed that a steady Japanese market for Indian frozen shrimp depended mainly on enhanced economic activity due to consistency of yen, declining inventory of fish products,poor fish landings in the supplying countries and conventional festival seasons.
Extension in riverine and reservoir fisheries
(Society of Fisheries Technologists (India), Cochin, 2002) Srinath, K.
Inland fisheries in India are noted and for rich verities and production potentials. It involves a variety of activities undertaken by people from a wide spectrum of socio-economic background, high level of artisanal and informal activity and high degree of participation including women and children. The extension programmes in inland fisheries need further strengthening in order to reach the full potential. The paper discusses some extension strategies for capture and culture fisheries for reservoirs, riverine and brackishwater bodies. These include integrated water shed management, TOT model for aquaculture, group farming and precision farming and cyber extension.
Technological gap in the adoption of post-harvest technology
(Society of Fisheries Technologists (India), Cochin, 2002) Mohan, B.; Thiagarajan, R.; Singh, D.P.
The extent of technological gap in post-harvest technology adoption and its implications in seafood safety are reported based on a study conducted in Ernakulam district (Kerala). 31 post-harvest technology practices developed by central institute of fisheries technology (Cochin), 6 for trawler owners/partners, 9 for fish pre-processors and 16 for fish processors were selected. The study indicated that use of ice-water slurry, provision for insulated storage and use of deodorants were not adopted. The factors namely, education, experience, number of days employed, exposure to media, contact with extension agency,and debt influenced significantly the adoption behavior of trawler owners/partners, fish pre-processors and fish processors. The adoption behavior of trawler owners/partners, fish pre-processors and fish processors could be improved by providing adequate training facilities, credit facilities, contact with extension agency and media exposure.

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