FT Vol.40(1)

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    Prevalence and Antibiotic sensitivity of Escherichia coli in Extensive Brackish water Aquaculture Ponds
    (Society of Fisheries Technologists (India)Cochin, 2003) Harish, R; Sumitha, CM; Hatha, A.A. Mohamed
    Prevalence and antibiotic resistance of Escherichia coli in the water and sediment samples of brackish water aquaculture ponds adjacent to Cochin backwaters was analysed. More than 50% of the water samples and more than 80% of sediment samples from all the sampling stations were tested positive for £. coli. Risk assessment of the E. coli strains was carried out using multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) indexing. Majority of the strains were found to be multiple antibiotic resistant suggesting their origin from high risk sources of contamination such as human where antibiotics are frequently used. While none of the £. coli strains were resistant against amikacin, chloramphenicol, streptomycin and trimethoprim, considerable levels of resistance was encountered against ampicillin, erythromycin, penicillin G and vancomycin. High prevalence of £. coli in the water and sediment samples of this extensive brackish water ponds indicates high degree of faecal pollution of this environment. The high risk nature of the strains warrants efficient post harvest and processing measures to avoid health risk to consumers.
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    Leaching and Residual Kinetics of Chloramphenicol Incorporated Medicated Feed Treated to Juvenile Black Tiger Shrimp Penaeus monodon
    (Society of Fisheries Technologists (India)Cochin, 2003) Selvin, Joseph; Lipton, A.P
    The leaching rate of chloramphenicol (CAP) incorporated medicated feed after immersion in water was high during the first 10 min. About 30% loss of CAP from the medicated feed was observed after 2 h of immersion. The leaching rate was not uniform in the period of 10 h experiments. Juvenile black tiger shrimp Penaeus monodon fed for 7 days with recommended dose (50-100 mg/kg shrimp) of CAP were examined for residual accumulation and depletion. A higher residue of 7.10 mg/g shrimp tissue was found after 1 day of postdosing. This was estimated as 2.15% of the total CAP intake in the7 days of experimental period. By the 20th day following cessation of medicated feed treatment the CAP concentration was found below detectable limit.
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    Effect of Treatments on the Iced storage Shelflife of Cuttlefish (Sepia aculeata) Fillets
    (Society of Fisheries Technologists (India)Cochin, 2003) Joseph, Sophia Margaret; Sherief, P.M
    Effect of dip treatments in 2% salt + 0.2% citric acid solution and in 0.01% butylated hydroxy anisole (BHA) solution, each for 10 minutes, on the biochemical and organoleptic quality of ice stored cuttlefish {Sepia acwteflte-Orbigny) fillets is reported. The salt + citric acid treatment was found to improve the appearance and overall quality of the fillets. Non protein nitrogen (NPN) and alpha amino nitrogen contents were higher in the salt+citric acid treated sample.The salt+citric acid treated sample was organoleptically in good condition for four days and fair upto six days of storage in ice. No discolouration was noticed in any of the samples during the period of storage
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    Selective effects of ring seines
    (Society of Fisheries Technologis(India), 2003) Leela Edwin; Hridayanathan, C.
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    Shelf life Extension of Whole and Steaks of Rohu (Labeo rohita) by Gamma Irradiation
    (Society of Fisheries Technologists (India)Cochin, 2003) Panchavarnam, S; Manisha, K; Basu, S; Warrier, S.B; Venugopal, V
    Fresh rohu were procured from the local market and packed in polyethylene pouches and were subjected to gamma irradiation as whole or steaks at a dose of 0, 1 or 2 kGy. The treated fish and steaks were stored under ice. At periodic intervals, quality of the fish was determined by sensory, microbiological and chemical parameters. The unirradiated whole fish and steaks were acceptable up to 14 and 20 days in comparison to a storage life of 28 and 32 days for the respective samples irradiated at 1 kGy. Irradiation of whole fish at 2 kGy gave a shelf life of 35 days. The extent of lipid oxidation due to irradiation was not significant and had no effect on sensory quality of the ice-stored fish.
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    Analysis of Design Features of Fish Trawls and Shrimp Trawls of Thoothukkudi Coast
    (Society of Fisheries Technologists (India)Cochin, 2003) Neethiselvan, N
    The investigation deals with the comparison of body proportions of fish trawls and coastal shrimp trawls of Thoothukkudi coast with each other and with those of a standard FAO fish cum shrimp trawl. Significant variations could be noticed between fish trawls and coastal shrimp trawls of Thoothukkudi coast with respect to parameters viz. length of bottom wing, breadth of top bosum, breadth of bottom bosum, breadth and length of second belly as evidenced from low percentages of overlapping (<25%). The deviations observed in certain morphometric measurements of fish and coastal shrimp trawls from that of standard FAO fish cum shrimp trawl design stressed the need for improving the design features of the existing trawls of Thoothukkudi coast. The study suggested to increase the length of bottom wing and to reduce the belly breadth, belly depth, breadth of top and bottom bosum in fish trawls. Irrespective of the type, all trawls invariably had the cod end mesh size of 20mm. The study recommends fitting of square mesh panel of 30-mm mesh size in the cod end of fish and shrimp trawls of Thoothukkudi coast to exclude juvenile fishes.
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    Target specific 51.0m long wing semi pelagic trawl for off-bottom fishing in Indian EEZ
    (Society of Fisheries Technologis(India), 2003) Vijayan, V.; Manoharadoss, R.S.; Sherine, S.C.
    Target specific 51.0 m long wing semi-pelagic trawl developed for optimum exploitation of off-bottom resources in the Indian EEZ was tested onboard FORV Sagar Sampada in combination with 1.5 t 'V form otter board and 50.0 m double bridles in the depth range of 43.0 to 68.0 m employing three different speeds of tow. The area of experimentation extended between 20° 39' to 21° 37' N Latitude and 69° 11' to 70° 16' E Longitude. Design details of the trawl along with rigging particulars of the gear system are described. A total yield of 3.65 t was realized from 24 hauls made and the average and maximum catch per unit effort amounted to 123.6 and 151.0 kg respectively. 4.0 knot trawling speed was assessed to be the optimum for this gear system. Semipelagic species consisting mainly of Tachysurus sp., Sphyraena sp., Trichiurus sp., Priacanthus hamrur, Megalaspia cordyla, Protonibea diacanthus, Nemipterus japonicus, Polynemus indicus, Saurida tumbil, Scomberomorus sp., Chirocentrus sp., Chorinemus tol, Pseudocaranx dentex, squid and cuttlefish and miscellaneous off-bottom fish constituted over 85% of the total catch, establishing the target specificity of the gear system in landing semi-pelagic fishery resources.
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    Tenderised, Dehydrated Steaks of Freshwater Fish, Rohu: Preparation and Storage Characteristics
    (Society of Fisheries Technologists (India)Cochin, 2003) Smruti, K; Rai, S; Yardi, V; Warrier, S.B; Venugopal, V
    A process to prepare tenderised, dried steaks of freshwater fish, rohu (Labeo rohita) is reported. Steaks of fresh rohu were treated with papain for tenderisation, followed by dip treatment in sodium chloride solution. The brined steaks were dried either in a solar or tunnel dryer at a maximum temperature of 60oC Although solar drying required a longer drying time than tunnel drying, the products dried by both ways, had comparable proximate composition, with moisture content in the range of 15 to 16%, 59% protein and 5.7% crude fat. The aerobically packaged product, which had a water activity as low as 0.66, did not favour microbial growth when stored at ambient temperature. Tenderisation reduced hardness of dried product as observed by lower breaking force as well as sensory evaluation. The treatment also enhanced rehydration capacity of the dried steaks. Tenderisation followed by solar drying is suggested as a cost-effective process for value addition of rohu.
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    Effect of Dietary P-chitosan levels on Survival and Growth of Fingerlings of Cyprinus carpio, Catla catla and Cirrhinus mrigala
    (Society of Fisheries Technologists (India)Cochin, 2003) Victor, B; Ramesh, U; Maridass, M
    A feeding experiment on the fingerlings of Cyprinus carpio, Catla catla and Cirrhinus mrigala was conducted for 28 day period with four experimental diets added with graded levels of P-chitosan (1,2,5 and 10%) and a control diet which contained 31% crude protein, 7.96% crude fat, 25% crude carbohydrate and 5% crude fibre. Fish fed with the diet containing 1, 2 and 5% P-chitosan had the highest survival, feeding rate and weight gain. The above studies indicate that p-chitosan has growth promoting effect in carps and the inclusion of low levels of P-chitosan (1-2%) in artificial diets is likely to improve carp production.