FT Vol.56(3)

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    Optimization of processing conditions of hand operated descaling machine for various fish
    (Society of Fisheries Technologists (India), Cochin, 2019) Delfiya, D.S.A.; Murali, S.; Alfiya, P.V.; Zynudheen, A.A.; Gokulan, C.R.; Samuel, M.P.
    ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Technology has developed a hand operated descaling machine of 3 kg capacity for easy and fast removal of scales in different fishes. This study was to optimize the loading capacity and duration of operation of hand operated descaling machine for various fishes. Effect of loading capacity and duration of operation on descaling efficiency was analysed using response surface methodology. Maximum descaling efficiency of 92.45, 77.24 and 85.78% in sardine, threadfin bream and tilapia, respectively were obtained at 2 kg loading and 9 min duration of operation. Also the highest descaling efficiency of 81.39% was observed at 1 kg loading and 9 min operation for pearl spot. The obtained optimum process variables will be helpful for the small scale fish vendors to use hand operated low cost, efficient descaling machine for quick and hygienic descaling process.
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    Beetroot peel extract as a natural preservative for shelf life extension of deccan mahseer (Tor khudree) Steaks during chill storage
    (Society of Fisheries Technologists (India), Cochin, 2019) Maqbool, H.; Safeena, M.P.; Kumar, K.S.; Zynudheen, A.A.; Ninan, G.; Kumar, B.M.
    The efficacy of solvent free beetroot (Beta vulgaris) peel extract in retarding the lipid oxidation of mahseer steaks were evaluated during chill storage. Preliminary analysis of the beetroot peel extract (BPE) for antioxidant activity were evaluated based on the total phenolic content, 2, 2-diphenyl-1- picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity and 2, 2- azino-bis (3-thylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid radical scavenging activity. BPE had total phenolic content of 360.47 mg 100 g-1; both DPPH activity (91.62%) and ABTS radical scavenging activity (99.04%) were found to be higher at 20% concentration. Mahseer steaks were given dip treatment in beetroot peel extract (20%, w/v) then packed in LDPE pouches and kept at 0-2°C. The effect of dip treatment on quality changes of steaks were assessed periodically for biochemical (pH, PV, FFA, TBA, TMA, TVB-N), microbiological (total plate count) and sensory characteristics along with control sample. The microbial analysis revealed that the control (CT) sample reached to the limit of acceptability (7.47 log cfu g-1) on 9th day while treated sample remained within the limit up to 15th day of storage. Sensory evaluation also showed the decreasing trend as the storage days increased. The results showed that CT sample exceed the acceptable limits on 9th day of storage, whereas the BPE treated sample was found to be acceptable up to 15th day indicating the positive role of BPE in shelf life extension of masher steaks under chilled storage (0- 2°C).
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    Quality and freshness of fish available in super markets of Cochin, India based on biogenic amine content
    (Society of Fisheries Technologists (India), Cochin, 2019) Laly, S.J.; Anupama, T.K.; Kumar, K.A.; Sankar, T.V.
    Quality and freshness of thirty nine samples of fresh and frozen fish sold in the super markets of Cochin were determined in terms of biogenic amine content, biochemical and microbial parameters. The contents of putrescine, cadaverin, histamine, agmatine, tyramine, spermine and spermidine were analysed and it showed a wide variation with higher content of spermine and cadaverine. Histamine content was less than 5 mg kg-1 (Range: Nd - 2.19±0.6 mg kg-1). Putrescine, cadaverine, agmatine, tyramine, spermidine and spermine were in the range of Nd – 7.72±1.7 mg kg-1, Nd – 52.8 mg kg-1, Nd – 6.22 mg kg-1, Nd – 4.34 mg kg-1, Nd - 51.8 mg kg-1 and 0.21- 43.95 mg kg-1 respectively. Levels of putrescine and cadaverine were highest in Rastrelliger kanagurta and Lethrinus nebulosus. In the present study 10.3% of samples exceeded Biogenic amine index (BAI) value of 20 mg kg-1. Around 7.7% of samples were having TVBN content more than 30 mg% and 10.3% of samples were having APC greater than or equal to 7 log cfu g-1. As indices based on biogenic amines are not highly correlated with other quality indices, assessment of biogenic amine indices along with other quality indices for fresh fish can be recommended.
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    Indigenous resource management system in selected backwater stake net fisheries of Kerala
    (Society of Fisheries Technologists (India), Cochin, 2019) Thomas, S.N.; Archana, G.; Edwin, L.
    Application of indigenous knowledge is common among the traditional fishers operating indigenous fishing systems. Stake net is an important gear operated along the backwaters of Kerala. Stake net fishers follow many traditions in the fabrication, operation and maintenance of the fishing unit. Lunar periodicity based fishing operation and paadu systems envisage resource conservation through control of fishing effort. The fishing canoe and the gear are protected against biodegradation using ecofriendly natural protective coatings thereby protecting the biota from the ill-effects of synthetic dyes and chemical preservatives.