Biochemistry & Nutrition

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Browsing Biochemistry & Nutrition by Subject "acetylcholinesterase"

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    Organophosphorus insecticide, methyl parathion toxicity in labeo rohita
    (Society of Fisheries Technologists (India), 2013) Sivaperumal, P.; Sankar, T.V.
    The effects of three sublethal concentrations of Methyl Parathion (MP) toxicity were evaluated in freshwater fish Labeo rohita. Lipid peroxidation (LPO) and antioxidant enzymes viz., superoxide dismutase (SOD, EC 1.15.1.1), catalase (CAT, EC 1.11.1.6), glutathione peroxidase (GPx, EC 1.11.1.9), glutathione S-transferase (GST, EC 2.5.1.18) and total reduced glutathione (GSH EC 1.6.4.2) were estimated in liver and the neurotoxic effects were investigated by the determination of acetylcholinesterase (AChE, EC 3.1.1.7) activities in brain of Labeo rohita of size 75 ± 6 g at sub lethal exposure. The exposure to MP at 1.0 mg L-1 increased LPO by twofold and in 45 days almost five-fold increase was observed when compared to control. SOD activity increased by three-fold (0.5 mg L-1) and six-fold (1 mg L-1) at sub lethal exposure of MP. The AChE activity decreased with increase in the concentration of MP. The results show that changes in antioxidant enzymes system and inhibition of AChE activity can be used as biomarkers of exposure to MP in aquatic ecosystems
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    Toxic effects of methyl parathion on antioxidant enzymes and acetylcholinesterase activity in freshwater fish, labeo rohita
    (Society of Fisheries Technologists(India),Cochin, 2011) Sivaperumal, P.; Sankar, T.V.
    The lethal concentration (LC sub(50)) of methyl parathion and its effect on the lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzyme systems are elucidated in Labeo rohita of size 75 plus or minus 6 g at 96 h exposure. The probit analysis showed that the lethal concentration (LC sub(50)) for 24, 48, 72 and 96 h were 15.5, 12.3, 11.4 and 10.2 mg I super(1) respectively. Besides lipid peroxides (LPO), the toxicity effect was followed from the activities of liver antioxidant enzymes catalase (CAT, EC 1.11.1.6), glutathione peroxidase (GPx, EC 1.11.1.9), superoxide dismutase (SOD, EC 1.15.1.1) and glutathione S- transferase (GST, EC 2.5.1.18). The effect of methyl parathion on tissue glutathione content and the inhibition of brain acetylcholinesterase (AChE, EC 3.1.1.7) activities were also studied. The LPO level and GST activity increased five folds and two folds respectively on exposure to methyl parathion at 10.2 mg I super(4). The SOD activity increased by seven fold compared to control. AChE activity was inhibited by 74% at a concentration of 1.8 mg l super(-1) and 90% at 5.4 mg l super(-1) signifying the effect of methyl parathion on the nervous system of fish. The study indicate that changes in antioxidant enzymes and decrease in the AChE activity can be used as biomarkers for monitoring toxicity due to methyl parathion exposure in aquatic organisms like fish.