Conference paper (FT)

Permanent URI for this collection

http://localhost:4000/handle/123456789/305

Browse

Now showing 1 - 20 of 58

An account of trawl fishing off Kakinada
(Society of Fisheries Technologists(India),Cochin, 1985) Narayanappa, G.; Sitaramarao, J.; Ramarao, S.V.S.; Naidu, R.M.; Satyanarayana, A.V.V.
In the present communication the authors have reviewed the trends of bottom trawling for the last one and a half decades off Kakinada. Performance of various designs of two-seam and four-seam trawls was also assessed. On an average the catch rate was found to be 33.3 kg h-1. The five yearly landings were worked out for three periods, 1967-71 period to be the most productive. There is considerable reduction in the catch per unit effort during 1972-76 and 1977-81 periods. The catch rate was lowest during 1977-78. An attempt to correlate the catch with the increase in the number of fishing boats from year to year.
Accumulation and release of petroleum hydrocarbons by mytilopsis sallet from the harbour waters of Visakhapatnam
(Society of Fisheries Technologists(India),Cochin, 2003) Prakash, R.R.
Marine organisms are known to accumulate petroleum hydrocarbons in their tissue from the surrounding environment or through the food chain . Bivalves being sedentary filter feeders are extremely vulnerable to both chronic and acute exposures to petroleum hydrocarbons. In the recent years, due to increasing activity of bulk carriers, oil tankers, industrial activities and other anthropological activities, considerable amount of oil is finding its way into the coastal waters around Visakhapatnam. Mytilopsis sallei, a marine bivalve occurs in the vicinity of the harbour waters where petroleum hydrocarbons are present in high concentrations. The initial levels of petroleum hydrocarbons in the tissue of M. sallei reflected on the amount of petroleum hydrocarbons in the medium. M. sallei accumulated PHC in the tissue to a level greater than that found in the surrounding medium. A direct relationship exists between the initial concentration and that of the amounts retained after depuration. Total elimination of petroleum hydrocarbons could not be achieved even after 30 days of depuration
Advantages of square mesh codend on the conservation of demersal fisheries in EEZ
(Department of Ocean Development , New Delhi, 1996) Pillai, S.N.; Varghese, M.D.; Abbas, S.M.; Iyer, H.K.
Square mesh in the codend play an important role on the selectivity of trawl gear and the conservation of resources. Comparative fishing trials between the square mesh and diamond mesh codends were carried out in deeper waters from FORV Sagar Sampada. The length frequency measurements of the important species of fish caught in both the codends showed the supremacy of square mesh by retaining more bigger fish and eliminating under sized and juvenile fishes, than the diamond mesh.
Artisanal fishing gears of Visakhapatnam
(Society of Fisheries Technologists (India), Cochin, 2005) Sreedhar, U.; Rajeswari, G.; Prakash, R.R.
Visakhapatnam along with Kakinada coast shares the status of being the major fish landing Centre in the east coast of India. The traditional fisheries off Visakhapatnam are diverse in terms of fishing gear and methods. In recent years, specific gears have been developed for commercially important species by standardizing the twine size and mesh size. The multi-walled trammel net has been adopted for effective exploitation of crustaceans with necessary changes. Use of monofilament has .been popular among fishermen in this area. Fishermen of this coast have adopted certain innovations such as use of artificial lure in place of natural bait. Larger units of hooks and lines have also been in use as a result of motorization of the craft and operations have shifted to deeper waters. Increased competition in the fishing industry coupled with the diminishing returns have resulted in fishermen using codend mesh size up to 5 mm in boat seines and shore seines. In view of these changes, there is an urgent need to assess the present artisanal fishing practices prevailing in the coast in order to promote eco-friendly and low energy fishing practices. This article provides an overview of the traditional fishing gears operated, off Visakhapatnam coast. The technological and operational details of major traditional fishing gear and methods namely gillnets, boat seines, beach seines and lines are described. Suggestions for making indigenous gear more eco-friendly and cost-effective are provided.
Assessment of economic loss due to use of legal codend mesh in multi-day trawlers in Gujarat
(Society of Fisheries Technologists (India), 2010) Mohamed, K.S.; Pravin, P.; Asokan, P.K.; Madhu, V.R.; Ghosh, S.; Vivekanandan, E.; Meenakumari, B.
The current trawling practices result in high exploitation of juveniles of all commercial and non-commercial species, in all maritime states of India (Najmudeen and Sathiadas, 2008). For example, the percentage of juveniles exploited by trawl can be as high as 20 to 60% in the case of seerlishes and groupers and as much as 12% in the case of squids (Mohamed et aL, 2009a). In other words, there is substantial amount of growth overfishing taking place for all commercial stocks in the trawl fisheries of India. Growth overfishing occurs when too many small fish are harvested, usually because of excessive effort and poor selectivity of the gear (e.g. too small mesh sizes) and the fish are not given the time to grow to the size at which the maximum yield-per-recruit would be obtained from the stock. A reduction of fishing mortality on juveniles or their outright protection, would lead to an increase in yield as well as profits from the fishery.
Central institute of fisheries technology - in the service of the fisheries Sector
(2010) Meenakumari, B.
The Central Institute of Fisheries Technology (CIFT) was established in 1957 as a national institute dedicated to development, refinement and transfer of harvest ans post harvest technologies in the fisheries sector. It continues to remain the only technology institute in India which caters to the entire spectrum of fisheries from harvest to post-harvest operations including harvesting systems, quality assurance, post-harvest handling, preservation, processing and product development, waste utilization, value addition, packaging and transportation.
Combination Netting yarns for Low Energy Fishing
(Society of Fisheries Technologists(India),Cochin, 1993) Cecily, P.J.; Samuel, C.T.
The fishing industry to familiar with the physical properties of netting yarns made of polyamide (PA), polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP). The characteristics of netting yarns used for fish nets depends on the basic characteristics of fibre and yarns and mods of preparation. This paper deals with the studies on mixing of different synthetic yarns for the production of combination netting yarns. The analysis of physical properties shows that combination twines effectively combines the intrinsic characteristics of the component yarns giving a wider choice of material for low energy fishing.
Conversion of mechanised fishing vessels to tuna longliners
(Society of Fisheries Technologists (India), 2010) Baiju, M.V.; Thomas, K.; Rajeev, G.D.; Raj, J.E.P.; SaIim, P.M.
Exploitation of tuna resources has been identified as one of the thrust areas for increasing export of Indian marine products (Joseph et al., 2008). The Indian EEZ alone has a resource potential of 0.21 million tonnes of oceanic tuna consisting of yellowfin 54%, skipjack 40% and bigeye 6% (Anon, 2000). The resources extend tar beyond the EEZ as tunas are highly migratory and straddling stocks. Tunas are exploited by a variety of gears and major share in India is landed by gill nets, followed by hooks and lines and purse seines (Pravin, 2009; John and Pillai, 2009). Tuna landings along he Indian coast was estimated at 61,972 t during 2009, and the fishery is supported mainly by Euthynnus affinis, Thunnus albacares, Auxis spp., Katsuwonus pelamis, Thunnus tonggol (CMFRI, 2010). Stock assessment has indicated that while nearly 86% of the coastal tuna potential is being exploited, only less than 15% of oceanic tuna potential is currently being exploited (CMFRI, 2010). Tuna resources in the shelf are more or less fully utilized and that further avenue for development lies in harvesting the oceanic tuna stocks. Fishing capacity from the shelf fishery is being diverted, with appropriate modifications, for harvesting the oceanic tuna resources.
Copper creosote - a new preservative for marine wooden structres
(Society of Fisheries Technologists(India),Cochin, 1985) Ravindran, K.; Pillai, A.G.G.; Nair, N.U.
The affinity of certain components in creosote towards inorganic salts was explored. Copper oxide on heating with ereosote produces stable compounds which are found to be biologically active. Data regarding preparation of copper creosote, and TBTO-fuel oil mixture are presnted. Data relating to the evaluation of the effectiveness of preservatives by bending modulus test are also presented.
Corrosion behaviour of metallic fastenings in contact with wood
(Society of Fisheries Technologists(India),Cochin, 1985) Ravindran, K.; Pillai, A.G.G.; Balasubramaniam, R.
The work reports the performance of fastenings made of iron, aluminium, galvanised iron, cadmised iron and aluminised iron in contact with Adina cardifolia artocarpus hirsuta, Lagerstroemia lanceolata, Mangifera indica and Tectona grandis as well as timbers treated with arsenic-copper-chromate preservatives. Quantitative corrosion rates of fastenings or special corrosion cylinders driven into wood-fastenings combinations exposed to fine mist of seawater and distilled water in large test chambers are given. The pH values of some common Indian boat building timbers on incubation with seawater, distilled water and the influence of acidity on corrosion of fastenings are reported. The studies have shown that aluminised iron fastenings are compatible with several boat buiding timbers and can be used in place of expensive copper base alloys without sacrificing.
Deepsea fishing and new fishery resources of India
(Fishery Survey of India, Mumbai (India), 2004) Kunjipalu, K.K.
Deepsea fishing is a much talked about subject and has been a misinterpreted term often used conveniently for over exploitation of the marine living resources especially fish and fisheries of the coastal waters. It is already reported by FAO and other agencies that over exploitation of the coastal waters has been going on in the name of deepsea industrial fishing. Terminologies like deepsea, continental shelf, continental slope, inshore, off shore, neritic, oceanic, pelagic, demersal, plankton, nekton and benthos are defined. Resources in the inshore, off shore and oceanic realms of the ocean are briefly mentioned. Fishing methods adopted for different zones of the sea are also accounted. New fishery resources for exploitation are mentioned for further investigations and developments achieved are being accounted based on deepsea fishing investigations conducted by large vessels in the country. Unconventional resources like deepsea fishes, mesopelagic like Myctophids (Lantern fishes), Oceanic squids, Oceanic Tunas and tuna like fishes, pelagic sharks and deepsea sharks are some of the new resources for exploitation and commercial utilization.
Demesal trwal resources off Northeast coast of India
(Seafood Exporters Association of India, 1998) Mathai, T.J.; Meenakumari, B.; Thomas, N.S.; Kunjipalu, K.K.
The demersal resources in the Bay of Bengal, Lat 18 degree to 21 degree N and Long. 83 degree to 88 degree E, were assessed by surveying 22 stations taking 21 demersal hauls using Hybrid Trawl (HT), High Speed Demersal Trawl (HSDT) (Fish version) and high Opening Trawl (HOT). The total fish catch was 9,767 kg. Catch per unit effort was 194.7 kg/ h for HSDT, 1,085.3 for HOT and 83.4 for HT. Average vertical height obtained with Integrated Trawl Instrumentation (ITI). 48% of the catch was Rastrelliger kanagurta, 11% Ariomma indica, 8% Secutor sp., 6% Arius sp. and the rest miscellaneous demersal species. All the different fish species present in the catch are reported.
Design, construction and prototype testing of FRP boats for reservoir fishing
(Society of Fisheries Technologists (India), 2001) Baiju, M.V.; Meenakumari, B.
Scarcity of the traditional boat building material viz, wood forces the designer to find an alternate material for the construction of fishing boats. Fiberglass Reinforced Plastic (FRP) is emerging as a suitable material in this field, especially for small crafts and reservoir boats. The design of a 4.57 m L A FRP boat was prepared at the Central Institute of Fisheries Technology for gillnet fishing operations in reservoirs. This boat was designed with three seat-cum-buoyancy tanks and a forward chamber. Two rings in the aft and a towing hook in the forward were provided for pulling the boat to the shore. A pair of oar locks were also fitted for rowing the boat. The aft is designed to fit a 15 hp outboard motor. Two numbers of this boat were designed and constructed and the weight of each boat is 220 kg. The hull laminate consists of one layer of CSM300, three layers of CSM450 and one layer of WR 610. The outside hull is applied with a gel coat and colour pigment for getting finer finish. The frames are made of two layers of CSM450 and the frame spacing is 380 mm. The boats powered with 15 hp outboard motors. were tested for performance in the Hirakud reservoir (Burla. Orissa). The boats were found to be watertight, stable, strong and convenient for fishing in reservoirs.
Developing an oceanic tuna fishery in Indian EEZ
(Central Institute of Fisheries Nautical and Engineering Training, Coc, 1987) Swaminath, M.; Nair, M.K.R.; Pravin, P.
The results of tuna longlining training activities conducted in the Indian EEZ are summarized. The following aspects were examined in particular: 1) proper and effective use of navigational aids; 2) meteorological and oceanographic observations to locate tuna grounds; 3) proper rigging and maintenance of gear; and 4) post-harvest operations of fish handling on board. Findings indicate good prospects for the commercial exploitation of oceanic tuna in the area.
Development of chemical preservatives and coatings to offset biodeterioration in traditional fishing craft.
(Society of Fisheries Technologists (India), Cochin, 1993) Nair, N.U.; Pillai, A.G.G.; Ravindran, K.
The present communication presents a summary of the findings of the authors in the development of chemical preservatives and surface coatings to offset biodeterioration in fishingcraft. Fortification of creosote had distinct advantage over straight creosote with reference to loading, toxicity and price. Fortified creosote application is 50% cheaper than traditional methods with better prophylactic properties. Possibilities of combining antifouling and antiborer properties in one polymeric matrix with suitable additives and biotoxin are also highlighted.
Development of semibalJoon trawl for shrimp
(Society of Fisheries Technologists (India), 1998) Kunjipalu, K.K.; Pillai, N.S.; Varghese, M.D.; Boopendranath, M.R.; Meenakumari, B.; Mathai, T.J.; Iyer, H.K.
Two scmiballoon lrawls, one of 22 n1 and the other of 33 rn in head rope length. were developed for catching shrimp effectively from the inshore waters off southwest coast of India. The 22 m semiballoon tr;nd landed 257r shrimp while 33 m semihal!oon trawl lanJed only l57r shrimp in the total catch. Species-wise catch analysis showed significant variations in the composition at different depths.
Dual preservative treatment for small fishing vessels - Observations on the biodeterioration of mango wood
(Society of Fisheries Technologists (India), Cochin, 1993) Edwin, L.; Thomas, S.N.; Nair, N.U.; Ravindran, K.
This communication deals with the effect of dual preservative treatment techniques using a water borne preservative (Copper- chrome-arsenic) followed by an oil borne preservative (creosote) on Mangifera indica, commonly used in the construction of traditional fishing craft. Qualitative and quantitative analyses of dual preservative treated timber showed better retention of residual strength after exposure to marine conditions, compared to timber treated with copper-chrome-arsenic composition and creosote separately.
Evaluation of sampling gear for demersal resource surveys
(Department of Ocean Development, New Delhi, 1996) Boopendranath, M.R.; Panicker, P.A.; Kakati, V.S.; Raje, S.G.; et. al
The three demersal trawls evaluated were 38 m HSDT-II, indigenously developed by CIFT for deep sea fishing in Indian EEZ; and two imported designs, viz., 45.6 m Expo model demersal trawl and 50 m fish trawl operated from vessels of FSI and IFP, respectively. Vertical opening at trawl mouth was heighest for 50 m fish trawl (3.2 m), followed by Expo model demersal trawl (2.5 m) and 38 m HSDT-II (2.2 m), due to differences in overall dimensions and design features. Estimate of horizontal opening between otter boards was highest for 38 m HSDT-II probably due to low drag of the gear, followed by 45.6 m and 50 m trawls. Lowest catch per unit effort obtained by 38 m HSDT_II is presumably due to smaller dimensions of the gear, larger codend mesh size and difference in ground ring, in addition to chance factors. However, 38 m HSDT-II scores on several features desirable in demersal sampling gear such as simplicity in design and construction, ease of operation; lower twine surface area and drag; and ground ring suitable for wider range of bottom conditions. Modifications to make it more effective while sampling for crustaceans and small sized finish components are described.
Evaluation of squae mesh codends for bycatch reduction in demersal trawling, off Andhra Pradesh, India
(Society of Fisheries Technologists (India), 2010) Rajeswari, G.; Prakash, R.R.; Sreedhar, U.
Due to poor selectivity of commercial trawls, large quantities of fish are discarded in the sea. Impact of codend mesh size on trawl fishery has been studied by Rajeswari et al. (1998). The discards often consist of juveniles of commercially important species, which may impact on the yields of commercial species. Mesh size regulations for trawl gears aim to reduce fishing mortality by allowing small sized fishes and juveniles to escape. The shape of the mesh affects the selectivity of codend. The mesh lumen of the diamond mesh closes up under tension during towing operation and prevent escapement of fish. In the square mesh codends, the mesh will remain open and facilitate escapement of juveniles small szied fishes (Robertson, 1983; Robertson and Ferrow, 1988; Robertson and Stewart, 1988; Kunjipalu etal., 1994, Varghese etal., 1996; Prakash et al., 2008). Selectivity information is an important tool for fishery managers for regulating the mesh sizes to determine the minimum mesh sizes of target fish species.
Experiments with polyethylene yarn gill nets
(Society of Fisheries Technologists (India), Cochin, 1993) Radhalakshmi, K.; Sivan, P.M.; Paul, V.
Experiments were conducted with polyethylene yarn gill nets in comparison with nylon twine gill nets used by artisanal fishermen at three centres in Cochin area. Catch details from the two types of nets are compared and it was found that polyethylene yarn can be considered as an alternate material for nylon twine in fine gill nets.

Browse

Browsing Conference paper (FT) by Title

Results Per Page

Sort Options