FT Vol.50(3)
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- ItemUtilization of Fish Powder in Ready-to-Eat Extruded Snacks(Society of Fisheries Technologists (India)Cochin, 2013)Ready-to-Eat (RTE) snacks were developed using corn (Zea mays), rice (Oryza sativa), roasted Bengal gram dal (Cicer arietinum), green gram (Pharsalus aureus Roxb), black gram (Phaseolus mungo Roxb) and fish (Catla catla) powder with a lab scale twin screw extruder. The extrudates were subjected to acceptability studies initially and at the end of the storage period viz., two months at laboratory level by panel of judges using a 5-point hedonic scale. Physico-chemical characteristics like bulk density, piece density and expansion ratio were measured and proximate composition, minerals and omega-3 fatty acids were assessed. Among the different blends studied, the most acceptable were T9 (corn + rice + black gram dal + fish powder in the ratio of 40:40:10:10) and T10 (corn + rice + roasted bengal gram dal + fish powder in the ratio of 40:40:10:10). Acceptable RTE snacks of good quality can be developed by extrusion cooking, utilizing cereals, pulses and fish powder.
- ItemSocio-economic Empowerment of Fisherwomen in Southern States of India(Society of Fisheries Technologists (India)Cochin, 2013)In India women play a vital role in fisheries and allied activities. Contributions of fisher-women penetrate every aspect of post-harvest handling, preservation, processing and marketing of seafood products and provide an integral link between producers and consumers. This study was carried out in the coastal areas of Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala and Tamil Nadu. From these states, 13 districts and 28 villages were selected. A total of 5 744 households were covered. Assessment of the socio-economic status indicated that very few households (15.41%) maintained livestock for income generation. About 60% of the fisherwomen carried out post harvest activities to earn income. Food expenditure comprised 60.68% of earned income contributing to a major share of spending. Much of India’s national food security rests on the shoulders of its fisherwomen. Giving comprehensive care for these women, empowering them both socially and economically is a practical necessity if India’s fisheries sector is to be satisfactorily sustained.
- ItemInfluence of Soil on Biodegradation of Organic Wastes and Production of Live Fish Food Organisms(Society of Fisheries Technologists (India)Cochin, 2013)In the biodegradation process, role of soil in waste treatment was evaluated. For this purpose, 50% domestic sewage, 750 mg l-1 sewage sludge and 500 mg l-1 night soil were selected for treatment. Each of these treatments was inoculated with four brooders of cladoceran for their multiplication and their subsequent performance was assessed for a period of 30 days. Presence of soil definitely increased the production of cladoceran. As such, the highest (5600 l-1) cladoceran population was noticed in culture systems having soil bed and treated with domestic sewage while the lowest (20 l-1) being in control. The results have depicted significant role of soil in maintaining favourable water quality conditions for good aquaculture. The concentration of organic carbon, phosphorus, nitrate-nitrogen and ammonia-nitrogen reduced significantly (p <0.05) in each culture medium from the initial levels. The study suggests that soil could be used in live fish food culture system that is helpful in waste recycling.
- ItemAcute Toxicity and Optimal Dose of Clove Oil as Anaesthetic for Blue Hill Trout Barilius bakeri (Day)(Society of Fisheries Technologists (India)Cochin, 2013)Stone (1999) and Kildea et al. (2004) have assessed the advantages and disadvantages of clove oil as a fish anaesthetic. Most of them have reported it to be safe and effective anaesthetic but it has a narrow margin of safety. Care must be taken when using high concentrations of clove oil for induction, because ventilatory failure may occur rapidly. A combined view of the findings leads to the recommendation that, for the size of blue hill trout used in the present study, clove oil, with fast induction and rapid recovery times offers a manageable, safe anaesthetic alternative, which can be useful in aquaculture and fish handling activities. In future clove oil would be in use as an anaesthetic in Indian blue hill trout for long distant transportation.
- ItemPerformance of sieve net bycatch reduction devices in the seas off Cochin (southwest coast), India(Society of Fisheries Technologists (India), 2013)Bottom trawling is widely employed for catching shrimps in India. Due to the multi species nature of Indian fisheries, bottom trawling catches considerable amount of non-shrimp resources, especially juveniles. Performance of two designs of Sieve net Bycatch Reduction Devices was evaluated in the seas off Cochin, southwest coast of India. Designs selected were Sieve net (i) with a 60 mm diamond mesh funnel inside the net and 80 mm diamond mesh outlet codend (Sieve net-60) and (ii) with 50 mm diamond mesh funnel inside the net with 60 mm diamond mesh outlet codend (Sieve net-50). Among the two Sieve nets evaluated, Sieve net-60 performed better in terms of shrimp retention. Bycatch exclusion in Sieve net-60 was about 37% (without jellyfish) and 15% (with jellyfish) while bycatch exclusion in Sieve net-50 operated during non-jelly fish season was 33%. Shrimp loss was 4.5% and 19.5% in Sieve net-60 and Sieve net-50, respectively. Marketable size groups of fishes and crabs were retained in outlet codends of the Sieve net BRDs. Sieve nets can also be efficiently used to exclude jellyfish when they are abound in the shrimp fishing grounds, by keeping the outlet codend open. Sieve net-60 has potential for adoption in tropical trawl fisheries, in order to minimize the impact of shrimp trawling on juveniles and non-targeted species.