Predominance of genetically diverse ESBL Escherichia coli identified in resistance mapping of Vembanad Lake, the largest fresh-cum-brackishwater lake of India

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Date
2021-07-30
Authors
Vaiyapuri, Murugadas
Anna Sherin Pulithara Sebastian
George, Iris
Sandhya Soolamkandath Variem
Vasudevan, Radhakrishnan Nair
C.G., Joshy,
Badireddy, Madhusudana Rao
Sivam, Visnuvinayagam
Peeralil, Shaheer
Sanjeev, Devi
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Publisher
Springer
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) burden in Escherichia coli along the 90 km stretch of Vembanad Lake, Kerala, India, was assessed. Seventy-seven percent of water samples drawn from 35 different stations of the lake harbored E. coli. Antibiotic susceptibility test performed on 116 E. coli isolates revealed resistance to ≥ one antibiotic with 39 AMR profiles in 81%, multidrug resistance in 30%, and extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) producers in 32%. Of all the 15 antibiotics tested, the probability of isolating cefotaxime-resistant E. coli was the highest (P ≤ 0.05) in the lake. Genetically diverse ESBL types, namely blaTEM-116, blaCTX-M -152, blaCTX-M -27, blaCTX-M -55, blaCTX-M-205, and blaSHV-27, were identified in the lake. This is probably the first report in India for the presence of blaCTX-M-205 (blaCTX-M-group 2) in the Vembanad Lake. ST11439 and single and double loci variants of ST443 and ST4533 were identified in multilocus sequence typing (MLST). Inc plasmids (B/O, F, W, I1, FIIA, HI1, P-1α, K/B, and N) identified in the lake evidences the resistance transmission potential of the E. coli isolated from the lake. Molecular typing (ERIC-PCR, MLST, and PBRT) delineated diverse E. coli, both between and within the sampling stations. Low multiple antibiotic resistance index (averageMAR< 0.2) indicates a lower risk of the lake to the human population, but the occurrence of genetically diverse ESBL E. coli in the Vembanad Lake signals health hazards and necessitates pragmatic control measures.
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Environmental Science and Pollution Research (2021) 28:66206–66222 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-15110-y
URI
http://10.10.10.7:82/handle/123456789/6302
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Peer Reviewed Journal Articles (Inter.) (M,F&B)