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Browsing Conference papers (B&N) by Author "Anandan, R."

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    Biomedical applications of collagen and chitosan
    (Society of Fisheries Technologists (India), 2010) Mathew, S.; Asha, K.K.; Anandan, R.; Sankar, T.V.
    Biopolymer is a term used to refer to the polymers which are biologically synthesized by nature. Polysaccharides are one such class of polymers comprising of simple monosaccharide molecules connected by ether type linkage to give a high molecular weight polymer. Among the different polysaccharides, cellulose and chitin are the most abundant biopolymers. Professor Henri Braconnot, Director of the Botanical Garden in Nancy, France isolated a fraction called fungine in 1 811 from the cell walls of mushrooms (Madhavan, 1992). Odier (1823) found similar material in the cuticle of beetles and re-named fungine as chitin after the Greek word chiton. The discovery of chitosan is ascribed to Rouget in 1859 (Sambasivan, 1992) and he, by boiling chitin in KOH, produced chitosan soluble in organic acids. Now it is understood that chitin is soluble in dimethyl acetamide containing 5% lithium chloride (Rutherford and Austin, 1978) and insoluble in aqueous acetic acid and chitosan's solubility is reverse to that of chitin in these two solvents. The nitrogen content of chitin is usually less than 7%, while that of chitosan is more than 7%. It was only in 1950, the structure of chitosan was resolved. Collagen is produced from air bladder of fish and chitosan from prawn shell.
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    Effect of temperature on thiol group of myofibrillar protein from common carp
    (Society of Fishery Technologists (India), 2003) Giles, T.N.; Anandan, R.; Sankar, T.V.
    The free sulfhydryl group present in proteins determine the structural and functional properties of seafood. Thermal processing affects the structural and functional properties of protein. This necessitates the requirement of optimum level of thermal treatment in the processing of seafood.In the present work, an attempt has been made to study the effect of temperature (10 degree C-70 degree C) on functional properties of myofibrillar proteins extracted from common crap (Cyprinus carpio) with respect to the exposure of sulfhydryl groups to the surface. Maximum sulfhydryl content was noticed between 30 degree and 40 degree C. When the temperature increased or decreased from this range,a decrease in sulfhydryl content was noticed.A marked decrease in sulfhydryl content was observed when temperature increased from 50 degree to 60 degree C.These may be attributed to the formation or breakdown of disulfide bonds. Though the formation of disulfide bonds contributes positively to the gel strength and elasticity of protein foods, it also indirectly causes nutritional loss by depleting the free sulfhydryl groups.
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    Effect of w-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid from fish oil on progression of dalton's lymphoma ascite and hepatocarcinoma in swiss albino mice
    (Society of Fisheries Technologists (India), 2010) Nayak, J.; Mathew, S.; Nair, P.G.V.; Anandan, R.
    Cancer, a disease characterized by uncontrolled growth and spread of abnormal cells, is the second leading cause of death in world (Vay Liang etal., 2001). In the year 2000, worldwide over 10 million new cases of cancer was estimated with more than half of incidences reported from I the developing countries (Parkin et al., 2001). Although estimates vary, it was predicted that by the year 2020 there would be almost 20 million new cases of cancer and the contribution from the developing countries might rise upto 70%. At present nearly one million new cases are being detected in India annually (Murthy et al., 1998). It is generally accepted that the causes of cancer could be physical (radiation), chemical (carcinogens) and viral (papilloma or EB virus). Cancer incidences have also been related to environmental and life-style factors. Classic epidemiological studies conducted by Doll and Peto (1981) showed that environment and life style factors account for more than 60-80% of human cancers. In India the incidence of cancers of colon, pancreas, liver and gall bladder is rising largely due to urbanization that leads to major changes in the diet and personal habits (Mohandas and Jagannath, 2000).
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    Effects of peroxidised PUFA on tissue defence system in experimentally induced myocardial infraction in rats
    (Society of Fisheries Technologists(India),Cochin, 2003) Anandan, R.; Mathew, S.; Asha, K.K.; Ammu, K.; Nair, P.G.V.
    In the present study, the administration of peroxidised PUFA was found to aggravate the isoproterenol-induced myocardial infraction in rats, which was evident from the increased level protein and enhanced the release of marker enzymes in the serum of rats given PUFA and isoproterenol. It was also observed that oxidized PUFA in the diet resulted in higher levels of peroxidation and lower levels of antiperoxidative enzymes.
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    Organochloro pesticides, polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons and toxic heavy metals in locally marketed marine fishes
    (Society of Fisheries Technologists (India), 2003) Radhakrishnan, A.G.; Anandan, R.
    Though much attention has been given in monitoring pollutants and toxicants in fish that is exported, there have been no serious attempts to examine their presence in fish marketed locally. Fish samples viz., Lutjanus argentimaculates (red snapper), Psettodes erumei (Indian halibut) and Sardinella longiceps (oil sardine) collectedfrom Thoppumpady Fish Market (Cochin,Kerala)were analyzed for the levels of toxic principles like organochloro pesticides (Alpha-BHC,Beta-BHC,Gama-BHC, heptachlor, aldrin, heptaepoxide, dieldrin, ppDDE, OP DDD, OP DDT, pp DDT and endrin) and polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (naphthalene, acenapthylene, fluorine, phenanthrene, anthracene, fluranthine, pyrene, benzo(a)anthracene, chrysene, benzo(b)fluranthene, benzo(k)fluranthene, dibenz(a,b)anthracene, benzo(a)pyrene, indeno-1,2,3-cd pyrene, benzo(g,h,i)perylene and acenaphthene) and toxic heavy metals(Pb, Cd and Hg).The levels of these toxic components in the fish samples were found to be very low.