1986

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    Cultural Conditions of Arylsulfatase Activity in Escherichia coli
    (Society of Fisheries Technologists (India) Cochin, 1986) DHEVENDARAN, K; CHANDRAMOHAN, D; NATARAJAN, R
    Arylsulfatase activity and growth were estimated in Escherichia coli, isolated from marine sediment. Maximum activity was observed at pH 6.6 whereas the maximum growth was at pH 5.6. 2 x 10-3 m M is the optimum substrate concentration for the highest level of enzyme activity/synthesis as well as for its growth. In general higher substrate concentration tended to inhibit enzyme activity and also the growth of the bacterium. Maximum growth and highest enzyme activity occurred at 29°C and above this temperature decreased both of them. Besides these, glucose, sodium sulfate, sodium chloride, sodium dihydrogen phosphate, sodium acetate and ammonium chloride at higher concentrations were inhibiting the enzyme activity and growth. Above 0.2% of glucose, 3% of sodium chloride, 10 x 10-3 M concentrations of sodium sulfate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate, sodium acetate and ammonium chloride inhibited the activity and growth also. These observations indicate that, to generalise a compound as inhibitor or activator it is difficult since this depends not only on its concentration but also on the source of the enzyme when more than one type is encountered in nature.
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    Oxygen Consumption Under Copper and Zinc Stress in Perna viridis
    (Society of Fisheries Technologists (India) Cochin, 1986) PRABHUDEVA, K. N; MENON, N. R
    The rate of oxygen consumption by Perna viridis pre-exposed to copper and zinc was studied. Those test individuals pre-exposed to various zinc concentrations showed variability in oxygen consumption irrespective of concentrations and preexposure period. While those animals pre-exposed to various copper concentrations registered decrease in oxygen consumption at concentrations above 0.06 p.p.m. copper, pre-exposure to concentrations below 0.02 p.p.m. copper did not result in any clear cut change in the rate of oxygen consumption.
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    The Preservation of some Indian Freshwater Fish
    (Society of Fisheries Technologists (India) Cochin, 1986) DURAIRAJ, S; KRISHNAMURTHI, S
    Quality changes in Labeo rohita; Cirrhinus mrigala and Tilapia mossambica were studied during storage in ice and at ambient temperature (29-32°C). After 10 h at ambient temperature L. rohita and T. mossambica were completely spoiled, while C. mrigala became unacceptable within 11 h. Organoleptic examination, total volatile base nitrogen and total bacterial c:ounts showed that L. rohita (0.5 kg and above) and C. mrigala (0.5 kg and above) were acceptable upto 7 to 8 days of storage in ice in popular container (Bamboo basket) lined with palmyrah mat) at ambient temperature while T. mossambica (30-40 g) was acceptable upto 6 days. Influence of size of fish on shelf life in ice studied with reference to L. rohita showed that fishes below 500 g were acceptable upto 6 days of storage in ice in popular container at ambient temperature while those above 1000 g size were acceptable upto 8 days. Pro"Vision of an alkathene lining to the popular container extended the storage life of L. roh;ta from 6 days to 8 days. Pre-chilled and iced L. rohita had a longer shelflife (9 days) than merely iced sample (7 days)
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    Temporal Behaviour of Marine Landings Along Coastal Karnataka III.Cyclical Patterns*
    (Society of Fisheries Technologists (India) Cochin, 1986) GADAGKAR, SUDHINDRA R.; SUNDARARAJ, N
    Marine landing data for Karnataka during 1956-1978 were subjected to timeseries analysis and cyclical periodicities isolated in the case of seven fisheries namely, ribbon fish (five year cycle); Caranx spp., Leiognathus spp, and mackerel (six year cycle each); the combined landings of Hernirhamphus spp. and Belone spp., 'Lesser Sardines' and 'Other Clupeids' (seven year cycle each). 'Total' demonstrated an eight-year cyclical periodicity.
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    Preservation of Indian Oil Sardine (Sardinella Longiceps) in ice and chilled seawater.Part II - Changes During Storage with Particular Reference to salt Penetration and Lipid Deterioration During C S W Holding*
    (Society of Fisheries Technologists (India) Cochin, 1986) KRISHNAKUMAR, S; HIREMATH, G. G; MENON, N. R
    Oil sardines in prime condition were chilled onboard. Two lots were chilled in CSW (samples C & CI), one lot ice (sample I) and a fourth lot was left un-iced on deck (sample AI). Sample AI was iced after landing and sample CI was taken out of the chilled seawater and. iced. All the four samples were kept in a chilled room for storage studies. Sample C, chilled and stored in CSW, recorded a gradual gain in weight and an increase in salt content of the muscle. Presence of salt did not seem to cause any excessive protein denaturation. Salt extractability decreased at a gradual rate in all cases. Presence of salt seemed to wield no noticeable influence on lipid hydrolysis and subsequent peroxidation. Results of chemical and sensory evaluations highlight this. Holding sardines in CSW gave a product of excellent quality for the first four to five days of storage. Beyond the fifth day of storage quality deteriorated rapidly and there was no noticeable superiority for this sample (sample C) over the onboard iced fish. This was evident in the sensory evaluation as well. However, a storage life of five days in a readily acceptable state is sufficient for the fish to be disposed in the market at a premium sale price over other landings of the same species.
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    Studies on the Toxicological effects of Asulox-40 and Emisan -6 to Eggs and Early Life History Stages of Sarotherodon mossambicus
    (Society of Fisheries Technologists (India) Cochin, 1986) PANDYA, S. S; RAO, K. S
    Toxicological effects of Asulox-40 and Emisan-6 to eggs and early life history stages of Sarotherodon mosst,;,mbicus were reported. 80% of egg hatching occurred in the controls, 1 p.p.m and 5 p.p.m concentrations of Asulox-40. 10 p.p.m. and 50 p.p.m. concentrations of the same toxicants had 70% and 60% hatchings while in Emisan-6 in the same concentrations the hatching were 70% and! 40%. Jn 100 p.p.m. concentration of both the toxicants 20% incomplete hatching occurred. In Emisan-6 Le 50 and Le 100 values were recorded at 32 hand 96 h respectively in 10 p.p.m. concentratior:s. In Asulox-40 the same valuc,s were recorded in 24 hand 40 h respectively at 50 p.p.m. concentration. The fish activity during the experimental period showed initial hyper aciivity. It was established that the Emisan-6 is more harmful to S. mossambicus than Asulox-40. The harmless concentrations of these chemicals were 1.2 p.p.m. for Asulox-40 and 0.6 p.p.m. for Emisan-6.
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    Filtration in some tropical Intertidal Bivalves Exposed to Mercury and Cadmium Mixtures
    (Society of Fisheries Technologists (India) Cochin, 1986) MOHAN, C. V; MENON, N. R; GUPTA, T.R.C
    Three species of intertidal filter feeding bivalves; M odiolus carvalhoi, M odiolus sp. and Donax spiculum, exposed to mercury and cadmium filtered significantly less volume of water under individual metal and metal mixture stress. Mercury and cadmium in mixtures interacted additively and more than additively (Synergism) in depressing the filtration rate of the bivalves
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    DoI Net Fishery off Nawabunder (Gujarat)
    (Society of Fisheries Technologists (India) Cochin, 1986) KHAN, MOHAMMAD ZAFAR
    Extimated catch of 6,484.9; 3,505.6 and 4,797.7 t of fishes were landed at Nawabunder in 'dol.' net during 1976-77, 1977-78 and 1978-1979 respectively. There has been an increasing trend. in effort and decline in catch and catch rate. The catch rate came down from 174.8 kg in 1976-77 to 84 kg in 1978-79. The detailed studies on the catch composition revealed that the Bombay duck formed about 68.6 - 77% of the total catch. The other important constituents being Coilia dussumieri 1.5 9.2%, ribbon fish 3.0 - 6.5%, non-penaeid prawn, namely, Acetus indicus, Nematopalaemon tenuipes and Hippolysmata ensirostris together formed about 6.1 - 13.7% and penaeid prawns 1.5 - 3.1% of the total `dol' net landings. In addition, quality fishes such as `ghol', 'warn', pomfret and catfishes were also landed in considerable quantities. The landings of `ghol' is on the increase from 4.9 t in 1976-77 to 59 t in 1978-79. Large number of juveniles of economically important fishes namely, Harpodon nehereus, Pampus argenteus, Trichiurus lepturus and Ilisha filigera have been observed in the catch particularly during February-May. The destructive nature of the gear has been commented along with the suggestions for regulation of the fishery.
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    Hydrobiological studies of an irrigation Tank with Reference to the culture of Large Murrel,Channa marulius (Hamilton) and Striped Murrel Channa striatus (Bloch)
    (Society of Fisheries Technologists (India) Cochin, 1986) George, J.P; Venugopal, G; Hingorani, H.G; Venkateshvaran, K
    The importance of selection of species for culture according to the ecological niches and fish food organisms is highlighted with respect to the Fox sagar,an irrigation tank.The tank was infested withsubmerged vegetation as well as minnows and weed fishes which rendered the tank unsuitable for the culture of Indian major carps.Therefore ,the tank was stocked with 8000fingerlings of Channa marulius and C.stiatus during 1981 by the local fishermen co-operative society.Only partial harvest was possible during 1982 because of high water level .The final harvest was done by the members of the society using conventional traps dragnets and castnet in april-may 1983
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    The Fecundity of the False Trevally,Lactarius lactarius (Bloch and schneider) along the Karwar Coast
    (Society of Fisheries Technologists (India) Cochin, 1986) NEELAKANTAN, B; KUSUMA, M. S; PAI, M. V
    A_ clear kno~l~dge of the reproductive potential or fecundity of a fish is quite an essential pre-requmte for the proper management andconservation of the resources. The fecundity studies are also undertaken to determine. the index of diversity dependent fact<;>r affecting. the population size (Simpson, 1951). Qasim & Qayyam (1963) have detailed ~he v~nous pathways by which an understanding of fecundity could be used for ~sh.ery biological work. The ability of egg production varies within the individual hm1ts such as length, somatic weight, gonadial weight, volume of fish ecc.
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    On the eye diameter- Total length relationship of the Indian Mackerel Rastrelliger Kanagurta (Cuvier)
    (Society of Fisheries Technologists (India) Cochin, 1986) UDUPA, K. S; BHAT, C. H. KRISHNA
    791 mackerel along the coast Karnataka during 1979-80 season was studied for total length-eye diameter relationship. It was found that mackerel having the eye diameter range 0.5 to 0.9 cm belong to 1 year old group, 1.0 to 1.2 cm to 2 year old group and 1.3 to 1.5 cm to 3 year old group. Among the many morphemetric characters, eye diameter of fish has attracted little attention in the field of fishery research. When compared to other morphometric characters, eye diameter seems to have no significant role to play in taxonomical work. The present note aims in correlating the eye diameter of the Indian u ackerel R. kanagurta to total length and hence to age of the fish.