FT Vol.53(2)

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    Assessment of Efficiency of an Indigenous Liquid Smoke for masmin Production
    (Society of Fisheries Technologists(India), 2016) Nithin, C.T.; Yathavamoorthi, R.; Niladhri, S.C.; Ananthanarayanan, T.R.; Suseela, M.; Bindu, J.; Gopal, T.K.S.
    The aim of this study was to develop a methodology for the production of liquid smoke from coconut husk and to evaluate efficiency of the same in masmin production. The developed method can produce 1.5 l of liquid smoke per hour. It had total phenolic content of 1348 ppm and carbonyl content of 38.03 mg ml-1. Titratable acidity and pH were found to be 1.88% by weight of acetic acid and 4.34, respectively. Total PAH content in the liquid smoke was found to be 0.79 ppb of which phenanthrene was found in highest level (0.54 ppb). Benzo[a]pyrene was not detected. The developed liquid smoke was found to be compliant with current regulatory limits in terms of PAH. It was observed that soaking of cooked skipjack tuna loins in liquid smoke added with 5% salt, for a duration of 30 min produced masmin with similar flavour of traditional masmin.
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    Biology of Silverbelly, Photopectoralis bindus (Val. 1835) along Ratnagiri Coast
    (Society of Fisheries Technologists (India)Cochin, 2016) Borah, B. S.; Nirmale, V. H.; Metar, S. Y.; Bhosale, B. P.; Chogale, N. D.; Pawar, R. A.
    Food and feeding habits, reproduction and size at first maturity of Photopectoralis bindus from Ratnagiri coast are described, based on commercial catches landed by trawls during 2013-2014. Copepods, diatoms and cladocera form important food of the species. The estimated length at first maturity is 93.5 mm. P. bindus is a fractional spawner and appears to release the ova in at least two spawning acts during the peak spawning season extending from October to December. High gonado-somatic indices correspond well with the peak spawning seasons and females always have higher values. The estimated fecundity ranged from 4377 to 10 449
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    Ecosystem Services and Fishery Production Dynamics of Wetland Ecosystem: An Appraisal of Alappuzha District of Kerala, India
    (Society of Fisheries Technologists (India)Cochin, 2016) Varkey, L.M; Kumar, Pramod; Mridha, Nilimesh; Sekhar, I; Sahoo, R. N
    Wetlands serve as home to innumerable flora and fauna and deliver critical ecological and societal functions which often tend to get ignored during the developmental process. An assessment of ecosystem service contribution of wetlands of Alappuzha was attempted under benefit transfer framework to raise awareness regarding its invaluable contributions. The district being home to a network of backwaters falling under coastal lagoons, coastal natural wetands dominated the share. Erosion regulation and sediment retention, food production and recreation were the major ecosystem functions contributing to total ecosystem value. An assessment of growth and variability of inland fisheries, the major provisioning good of the wetlands, revealed the significance of Prawn, Etroplus and Tilapia in fish landings. Analysis of change in the area of Vembanad Lake during 2002-2014 revealed growing anthropogenic pressure, with a reduction of 465 ha of area. Fisheries of the lake has been seriously affected by continuing reclamation, pollution, eutrophication and anthropogenic interventions which have to be regulated to stop the decline of wetlands of the district
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    Effect of chitosan edible coating on the microbial quality of Ribbonfish, Lepturacanthus savala (Cuvier, 1929) steaks
    (Society of Fisheries Technologists(India), 2016) Renuka, V.; Mohan, C.O.; Kriplani, Y.; Sivaraman, G.K.; Ravishankar, C.N.
    The demand for healthy food products without any added chemical preservative is increasing globally. Chitosan can find application in food products due to its bio-preservation effects. The present study was aimed to assess the effectiveness of chitosan edible coating on the microbial quality of ribbon fish, Lepturacanthus savala. Ribbonfish steaks treated with (1%) and without chitosan were packed in multilayered films and stored under refrigerated conditions (3±1oC). The fish used in the study is medium fatty fish with good quantity of crude protein. The initial total plate count of 4.5 log cfu g-1 indicates the good quality of fish used in the study which exceeded limit of 7 log cfu g-1 on 10th days in control samples indicating the shelf life of ~8-9 days. In chitosan treated samples, total plate counts were observed to be 6.81 log cfu g-1on 15th day and the limit of 7 log cfu g-1was exceeded only on 20th day indicating a shelf life of ~16-17 days. This clearly indicates the antimicrobial effect of chitosan. Further, significantly (p<0.01) lower counts for Pseudomonas spp., H2S forming bacteria and enterobacteriaceae were observed for chitosan treated samples. The study reveals that chitosan can be used effectively to enhance the microbial quality as well as shelf life of the fishery products.
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    Effect of Chitosan on Biochemical, Microbiological and Sensory Characteristics of Restructured Products from Pangasius(Pangasianodon hypoththalumus)
    (Society of Fisheries Technologists(India), 2016) Jeyakumari, A.; Ayoob, K.S.; Ninan, G.; Zynudheen, A.A.; Joshy, C.G.; Lalitha, K.V.
    In India, pangasius (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus) farming is gaining importance among the farmers due to its fast growth and better survival rate. In the present study, restructured products were prepared from pangasius mince in four different formulations by using pangasius fish mince, corn starch (4%) and chitosan (0.75%). Formulation containing only corn starch (4%) served as control. Shelf life of the products was evaluated under chilled (2ºC) condition up to 17 days. Biochemical quality parameters viz., total volatile base nitrogen (TVB-N), free fatty acid (FFA) and peroxide value (PV), thiobarbituric acid (TBA) value were within acceptable limits in chitosan treated samples. Control sample was acceptable only upto 6 days compare to 12 days in chitosan treated samples.
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    Fatty Acid Profile of Yellowfin Tuna Eye (Thunnus albacares) and Oil Sardine Muscle (Sardinella longiceps)
    (Society of Fisheries Technologists(India), 2016) Renuka, V.; Anandan, R.; Suseela, M.; Ravishankar, C.N.; Sivaraman, G.K..
    In the present study, fatty acid profile of yellowfin tuna eye (YFTE) was investigated. Proximate analysis of YFTE revealed the presence of high fat content (12.0%) and moderate protein content (10.2%). A comparison was made between the fatty acid composition of YFTE and sardine oil. Higher poly unsaturated fatty acid content was found in YFTE (48.8%) compared to oil sardine (30.0%). Ratio of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) content to the total fatty acids of YFTE was 36.72% which was higher compared to oil sardine (8.67%). However, EPA content of oil sardine was higher (16.8%) than YFTE (7.07%). DHA/EPA ratio and n-3/n-6 ratio of YFTE were 5.25 and 8.97 respectively. Palmitoleic acid was the principal mono unsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) present in YFTE and oil sardine. The present study revealed that yellow fin tuna eye could be a potential source of omega-3 fatty acids.
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    Optimization of process parameters for the production of chitin from the shell ofFlowertail Shrimp(Metapenaeus dobsoni)
    (Society of Fisheries Technologists(India), 2016) Joshy, C.G.; Zynudheen, A.A.; Ninan, G.; Ronda, V.; Muhammed, S.
    The objective of present study was to optimize the process parameters for the production of chitin from the shell of Metapenaeus dobsoni by deproteinization and demineralization using linear regression. The response variables viz: yield and quality of chitin were optimized in terms of concentration, treatment time and ratio of acid and alkali used in the production of chitin. First order polynomial regression model with interaction coefficients for alkali concentration with treatment time was found as optimal to explain the variability in the response variables in terms of process variables. Based on the fitted model, the coefficients of acid concentration (2.48), acid ratio (0.006) and acid treatment time (0.039) were found significant for chitin yield at 1% level and linear regression coefficients showed a non-significant increasing trend. The regression coefficient for interaction between acid concentration and treatment time showed a significant decreasing trend (-0.025). The optimum combination of process variables to improve the yield and quality of chitin from M. dobsoni shell was sodium hydroxide concentration at 3 % in 1:2 ratio and treatment time of 30 minutes and hydrochloric acid concentration at 1.25 N in1:2 ratio and treatment time of 90 minutes.
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    Quality Assessment of Formic Acid Silage Developed from Squilla Oratosquilla nepa (Latreille)
    (Society of Fisheries Technologists(India), 2016) Bijoy, V.M.; Zynudheen, A.A.; Ninan, G.; Harikrishnan, M.
    The focus of this investigation was to utilize the protein present in tuna waste by enzyme hydrolysis and characterization of protein hydrolysate (TPH). Yellowfin tuna waste was used to prepare the hydrolysate using 0.5% (w/w) bromelain enzyme. It was characterized for nutritional, functional and antioxidant properties. The protein content in the derived protein hydrolysate was 95.3 ± 3.1%. The foaming capacity as well as foam stability was maximum at pH 6.0 and the property decreased when pH deviated from neutral. Emulsifying properties viz., emulsifying activity index as well as emulsion stability index was least at 4.0 pH. DPPH radical scavenging activity of TPH revealed an IC50 value of 4.06 mg ml-1.
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    Trawl Selectivity Estimates of Thryssa dussumieri (Valenciennes, 1848) in Square and Diamond Mesh Codends
    (Society of Fisheries Technologists(India), 2016) Madhu, V.R.; Remesan, M.P.; Meenakumari, B.
    Codend selectivity of Thryssa dussumieri, an important trawl resource along Gujarat coast was studied using covered codend method. The selectivity estimates were worked out for 40 mm diamond and square mesh codends by staked haul method to account variation associated with multiple hauls considered for deriving the selectivity. The length at 50% retention of the species for the 40 mm diamond and square mesh codends were worked out as 8.84±0.16 and 10.20±0.12 cm respectively. The selection range, selection factor and selection ratio for the diamond mesh codend was 7.96±0.42 cm, 2.21 and 0.9 respectively and for the 40 mm square mesh codend these values were 3.76±0.19 cm, 2.55 and 0.37 respectively. Considering the length at first maturity of the species as 125 mm, the optimum mesh size for 40 mm diamond mesh and square mesh codend were worked out as 56.6 and 49 mm respectively for conservation of the species.