Peer Reviewed Journal Articles (National) (QAM)
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- ItemEffect of pulsed light on shelf life of chill stored yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares) steaks(ICAR, 2019)In this study, the effect of pulsed light (PL) treatment on the shelf life extension of yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares) steaks was investigated. Tuna steaks of 1 cm thickness weighing 80 g packed in 300 gauge cast polypropylene pouches were subjected to PL treatment using Xenon pulse light machine RC-847. The samples were stored at 2±1OC and analysed at specific time intervals. Shelf life studies were carried out in terms of reduction of aerobic flora as inferred from the total plate count (TPC) and the psychrophilic count. The samples were also evaluated in terms of colour (L* a* b*), biochemical and sensory parameters. The initial reduction as well as lower rate of increase in the microbial count on the PL treated samples clearly highlighted the efficiency of PL technology as a novel non-thermal preservation technique. Low values of chemical indicators of spoilage and better values of sensory and colour values of PL treated samples also suggested the efficacy of PL treatment in microbial inactivation. An overall extension of 13 days of shelf life was achieved for PL treated samples whereas control samples were rejected on 13th day.
- ItemNutritional quality evaluation of feeds developed from secondary raw material from fish processing industry(Society of Fisheries Technologists (India), Cochin, 2019)Fresh head waste of sardine, threadfin bream, anchovy and tilapia was converted into fish meal after cooking and pressing. Whole sardine was used as control sample. Quality analysis of the prepared meal revealed that the protein content was lower for sardine waste (43.1%) and higher for tilapia (62.3%). The fish meal prepared was used as the protein source for preparing feed along with other ingredients. Isoprotenous feed prepared was administered in Wistar strain male albino rats for a period of 31 days and Feed Intake (FI) Protein Efficiency Ratio (PER) and Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR) was estimated. Feed intake was more in threadfin bream waste feed and anchovy waste feed (135.1 g/31 days) which was significantly different from other feeds. The acceptance of feed developed from the waste of fish shows more or less similar to control feed indicating that the waste can be utilized for the development of feed for different animals thereby resolving the problem of environmental pollution.
- ItemControl of melanosis and spoilage during chilled storage of pacific white shrimp (Penaeus vannamei) using sulphite alternatives(2018)Effect of various additives viz., sodium metabisuphite (SMS), combination of SMS, sodium citrate (SC) & ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid (EDTA); and pomegranate peel extract (PE) in controlling melanosis and quality deterioration in ice stored Penaeus vannamei was investigated. Shrimp was dip treated in: A) water without any additive (control), B) 1.25% SMS (w/v), C) 0.5% SMS, 0.5% SC and 200 ppm EDTA, D) 0.5% SC and 200 ppm EDTA and E) 0.5% PE for 5 min. The samples stored in ice were evaluated at 0, 12, 24, 36, 48 and 54 h for melanosis score, total volatile base nitrogen (TVB-N), pH and aerobic plate count (APC). Treatments E and D significantly delayed melanosis development compared to control (A) followed by B and C combination. At the end of 54 h, melanosis score reached 8; 5.5; 5; 4 and 5, respectively for A, B, C, D and E samples. The APC of E and D samples were relatively lower compared to other treatment and control samples. The APC at the end of 54 h of chilled storage was 2.2 x105; 1.23x105; 4.5x105; 2.3x104 and 2.2x104 cfu g-1, respectively for A, B, C, D and E samples. TVB-N and pH of PE treated samples remained lower compared to other samples. The results indicated that pomegranate peel extract and chemicals like sodium citrate and EDTA can be used in combination with sodium metabisulphite to control development of melanosis in farmed shrimps during chilled storage.
- ItemCiguatoxin-an emerging biological hazard among reef fishes of India(Society of Fisheries Technologists (India), Cochin, 2018)Ciguatera Fish Poisoning (CFP) is an emerging food safety hazard which has been reported in southern peninsular India in recent times. Ciguateric fishes mostly associated with coral reef ecosystem are implicated in food poisoning outbreaks. USFDA guidance for fish and fishery products classifies CFP as “reasonably likely to occur” in fishes harvested from coral reef regions. Ciguatera Fish Poisoning has been reported from tropical or subtropical areas around the world between latitudes 35°N and 35°S, particularly in the Caribbean, Pacific and Indian Ocean and in the Flower Garden Banks area in the northern Gulf of Mexico. Action levels for CFP limits are now listed as 0.01 ppb for Pacific and 0.1 ppb for Caribbean ciguatoxin. CFP is considered as a natural toxin and USFDA has listed out 12 group of fishes under ciguatera hazard category. With recent EU import rejections of some of the seafood consignments originated from India, CFP has emerged as an important food safety concern. Although, no fatality has been reported so far, morbidity symptoms observed from cases of hospitalization is a definite concern to the export trade. This review deliberates on the significance of CFP, its distribution and hazard control measures.
- ItemMicroplastics in the aquatic environment implications for post-harvest fish quality(2019)Though fish meat is good for health, its consumption is determined by post-harvest quality parameters. The “use and dispose” attitude of the public towards plastics coupled with inadequate waste management has led to extensive accumulation of plastic debris in the aquatic environment. Microplastics (plastic particles of <5mm in their longest dimension) in the aquatic environment and fish gut is an emerging concern that has been reported from different regions of the world. The degradation of plastic polymers to micro- and even to nano sized particles smaller than 100 nm size is of recent major concern. Micro- and nanoplastics are basically inert but they tend to sorb toxic pollutants and harmful microorganisms. Moreover, chemicals added to plastic to impart functional properties pose threat to human health. Fish, either by passive ingestion or active foraging accumulate microplastics in their guts. However, there is paucity of documented evidence on the adverse effect of microplastics on human health due to consumption of such fish. Protocol for the determination of quantity of microplastics in fish flesh needs to be standardised and quality standard to be fixed for the quantity of microplastics that would be considered as a food hazard. There exists an imminent need to perform risk analysis in order to categorise microplastic as a food hazard in fish meant for human consumption. Until then there is no justification to reduce the consumption of fish and fishery products due to apprehension of presence of microplastics.