Peer Reviewed Journal Articles (National) (QAM)

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Adoption of recommended quality control practices by fish processing factories
(Society of FisheriesTechnologists (India), 1989) P.N., Kaul; H, Krishna Iyer; M.K., Kandoran
Responses to mailed questionnaires from 31 fish processing factories revealed that for 55 recommended practices in quality control, the percentage of adopters varied from 21.43 to 100. The adoption index was not correlated to any of 5 variables studied. The mean adoption index did not differ significantly between five other criteria related to fish processing. Rate of rejection or reprocessing at the factory itself was highly correlated with the amount of water used per tonne of processed material.
Antibiotic Resistance of Staphylococcus aureus Strains Isolated from Fish Processing Factory Workers
(Society of Fisheries Technologists (India), 1988) SANJEEV, S.; IYER, K.M.
One hundred and twenty two strains of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from throats and palms of 39 workers from 6 fish processing factories situated in and around Cochin were tested for their sensitivity to nine commonly used antibiotics - ampicillin, chloramphe nicol, erythromycin, kanamycin, neomycin, penicillin, polymyxin - B, streptomycin and tetracycline . Highest percentage of resistance was observed towards ampicillin followed by penicillin i .e . 64.75 % and 59.84 % . Resistance towards other antibiotics like tetracycline, polymyxin-B, erythromycin, kanamycin, neomycin, chloramphenicol and streptomycin were shown by 22.95, 16 .39, 7 .38, 5.74, 5 .74, 3 .28 and 1 .64 % of the isolates respectively
Antibiotic Sensitivity of Kanagawa-positive and Kanagawa-negative Strains of Vibrio parahaemolyticus isolated from Fishes Marketed in Kochi*
(Society of Fisheries Technologists (India), 1992) Sanjeev, S.; Stephen, J.
Eightyfour strains of Vibrio parahaemolyticus consisting of 48 kanagawa-positive and 36 kanagawa-negative strains isolated from finfishes and shellfishes marketed in Kochi were tested for their sensitivity towards eleven antibiotics . Maximum sensitivity was observed towards chloramphenicol (98 .81 %) and gentamycin (97.62%)followed by polymyxin- B(52 .38%), neomycin (46 .43%),tetracycline (23.81%), sulphadiazine (21 .43%), ampicillin (17.86%), kanamycin (11 .9%), streptomycin (11 .9%) and erythromycin (1 .19%) . None of the isolates were found sensitive to penicillin . Among kanagawa-positive strains of V. parahaemolyticus 100% sensitivity were found towards none of the tested anttibiotics, but maximum sensitivity was shown towards chloramphenicol (97.92%) and gentamycin (95 .83%) .All the kanagawa-negative strains of V.parahaemolyticus was found sensitive towards chloramphenicol and gentamycin . Kanagawa-negative strains of V.parahaemolyticus were found to be more sensitive to the tested antibiotics compared to kanagawa- positive strains.
Antibiotic sensitivity of staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from fishery products
(Society of Fisheries Technologists (India), 1985) Sanjeev, S.; Iyer, K.M.; Rao, C.C.P.
During the course of an investigation on the incidence of Staphylococcus aureus contamination in frozen crab meat, frozen prawns and dried fishes from Cochin, 116 strains of S. aureus were isolated . The sensitivity of the isolated strains towards nine antibiotics showed that all the S. aureus strains were sensitive to kanamycin and streptomycin (100%). Sensitivity to other antibiotics like chloramphenicol, polymyxin-B, erythromycin, tetracycline, neomycin, penicillin and ampicillin were shown by 98 .28,93 .10, 87 .93, 68 .10, 67.24, 56.90 and 55 .17 percent of the isolates respectively .
Antioxidative effect of pineapple peel extracts in refrigerated storage of Indian Mackerel
(Society of Fisheries Technologist(India), 2017) Uchoi, D.; Raju, C.V.; Lakshmisha, I.P.; Singh, R.R.; Elavarasan, K.
Assesment of quality of fish landed at the cochin fisheries harbour
(Society of FisheriesTechnologists (India), Cochin, 1984) Lakshmanan, P.T.; Mathen, C.; Varma, P.R.G; Iyer, T.S.G.
Assessment of quality of fish and shrimps landed at the Fish Harbour, Cochin was made over the period January, 1980 to December, 1982 . A total of 201 samples were analysed . Nearly 75% of the samples scored between 6-10 in a 10 point hedonic scale and the percentage unacceptability based on sensory assessment was 5.5% . In 10 .1 of the samples, total volatile nitrogen was >30 mg% and in 8 .3% of the samples trimethylamine- nitrogen was > 10 mg% . Both, the gr Torrymeter and Intellectron Fish Tester VI readings marked significant correlation with sensory scores and chemical indices; but failed to bear any significant correlation with bacterial counts . Of the total samples 66.7% had total plate count (TPC) >10 5 9 l and 8.5% were considered unacceptable based on TPC >5 x 10 5g- 1 ; 63.2% of the samples were free from Escherichia coli ; 26.4% had >20 E. coil g -1 and 20 .4% of the samples contained faecal streptococci >103 g-1 . Seven percent of the samples showed coagulase positive staphylococci >100g - 1 . Salmonella could not be detected in any of the samples examined. Crushed ice samples and the platform of the harbour had high bacterial loads .
Assessment of quality of fish landed at the Cochin fisheries harbour
(Society of Fisheries Technologis(India), 1984) Lakshmanan, P.T.; Cyriac Mathen; Varma, P.R.G.; Iyer, T.S.G.
Assessment of quality of fish and shrimps landed at the Fish Harbour, Cochin was made over the period January, 1980 to December, 1982. A total of 201 samples were analysed. Nearly 75% of the samples scored between 6-10 in a 10 point hedonic scale and the percentage unacceptability based on sensory assessment was 5. 5%. In 10.1% of the samples, total volatile nitrogen was >30 mg% and in 8.3% of the samples trimethylamine-nitrogen was > 10 mg%. Both, the gr Torrymeter and Intellectron Fish Tester VI readings marked significant correlation with sensory scores and chemical indices; but failed to bear any significant correlation with bacterial counts. Of the 5-1 total samples 66.7% had total plate count (TPC) 210 g and 8. 5% were considered unacceptable based on TPC >5 x 105g-1; 63.2~~ of the samples were free from Escherichia coli; 26.4 ~;.; had > 20 E. coli g ~ 1 and 20.4% of the samples contained faecal streptococci > 10 s g-I. Seven percent of the samples showed coagulase positive staphylococci > 100 g- I . Salmonella could not be detected in any of the samples · examined. Crushed ice samples and the platform of the harbour had high bacterial loads.
Assessment of quality of ice-stored prawns
(1964) Govindan, T. K.
Attitudinal model constructs towards alternate livelihood avocations among women in fisheries enterprises – a case study in Ernakulam District Kerala
(ICAR-Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Cochin, 2014) Hassan, F.; Jeeva, C.; Sangeetha, K.; Prathap, S.K.; Mathew, S.; Remya Babu, M.
Involvement of women in productive activities is a very important strategy for poverty alleviation in the society and for the overall empowerment of women. Presently, participation of women in fisheries related livelihood options is limited but there exists enormous potential for enhancing their participation. However, the attitude of women in self help groups (SHG) to initiate the entrepreneurial activity by investing their savings corpus or institutional finance utilising labour resources from among themselves is important. Location-specific and need-based training programmes for fisherwomen can enhance their level of awareness and technical know-how to start gainful employment ventures. These ventures can be taken up by fisherwomen SHGs taking advantage of participatory action to ensure earnings and sustainability. Micro-enterprises by women should not be seen only as a means for economic empowerment, but also can prove to be an important tool for social and political empowerment. In this context, a study was conducted in Moothakunnam Village in Vadakkekkara Panchayat of Ernakulam District, Kerala to assess the attitude of women SHG groups to take up entrepreneurial activities. It was found that women in groups were found to have a positive attitude towards establishing micro-enterprises to enhance their livelihood options by utilising leisure time and locally available resources
Bacterial aspects of quality of phosphate treated frozen prawns
(Society of Fisheries Technologis(India), 1973) Cyriac, M.
Bacterial contamination of mussels at Mahe Estuary, Malabar coast
(Society of Fisheries Technologists (India), 1992) Gore, P.S.; Raveendran, O.; Iyer, T.S.G.; Varma, P.R.G.; Sankaranarayanan, V.N.
Mussel samples from the mussel bed and near-by market, beach sand, sediment, and water from the Mahe Estuary, Kerala, India were analysed for bacterial quality. Indicator bacteria such as Escherichia coli and faecal streptococci were isolated from water, sediment and both mussel samples especially during monsoon and postmonsoon months. Pathogens like Salmonella and Vibrio cholerae non 01 were isolated from the mussel samples. The sewage and land drainage of the region contribute to the contamination of the environment.
Beetroot peel extract as a natural preservative for shelf life extension of deccan mahseer (Tor khudree) Steaks during chill storage
(Society of Fisheries Technologists (India), Cochin, 2019) Maqbool, H.; Safeena, M.P.; Kumar, K.S.; Zynudheen, A.A.; Ninan, G.; Kumar, B.M.
The efficacy of solvent free beetroot (Beta vulgaris) peel extract in retarding the lipid oxidation of mahseer steaks were evaluated during chill storage. Preliminary analysis of the beetroot peel extract (BPE) for antioxidant activity were evaluated based on the total phenolic content, 2, 2-diphenyl-1- picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity and 2, 2- azino-bis (3-thylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid radical scavenging activity. BPE had total phenolic content of 360.47 mg 100 g-1; both DPPH activity (91.62%) and ABTS radical scavenging activity (99.04%) were found to be higher at 20% concentration. Mahseer steaks were given dip treatment in beetroot peel extract (20%, w/v) then packed in LDPE pouches and kept at 0-2°C. The effect of dip treatment on quality changes of steaks were assessed periodically for biochemical (pH, PV, FFA, TBA, TMA, TVB-N), microbiological (total plate count) and sensory characteristics along with control sample. The microbial analysis revealed that the control (CT) sample reached to the limit of acceptability (7.47 log cfu g-1) on 9th day while treated sample remained within the limit up to 15th day of storage. Sensory evaluation also showed the decreasing trend as the storage days increased. The results showed that CT sample exceed the acceptable limits on 9th day of storage, whereas the BPE treated sample was found to be acceptable up to 15th day indicating the positive role of BPE in shelf life extension of masher steaks under chilled storage (0- 2°C).
Biochemical studies on the cardioprotective effect of squalene against Isoprenaline-induced myocardial infarction in rats
(Society of Fisheries Technologists (India), Cochin, 2009) Farvin, K.H.S.; Anandan, R.; Kumar, S.H.S.; Mathew, S.; Sankar, T.V.; Nair, P.G.V.
This study was designed to examine the cardioprotective effect of squalene against isoprenaline-induced myocardial infarction in male albino rats. Levels of diagnostic markers [troponin T, homocysteine], lipoproteins [apolipoprotein Al, apolipoprotein B, lipoprotein (a)] (in plasma), total cholesterol, lipid peroxides (in plasma and heart tissue), and endogenous non-enzymatic antioxidants [vitamin C and vitamin EJ (in heart tissue) were determined. Supplementation of squalene at 2% level along with feed for 45 days significantly prevented the isoprenaline-induced elevation in the diagnostic markers in plasma of experimental group of rats. It exerted an antilipidemic action against isoprenaline-induced hypercholesterolemia by maintaining the levels of cholesterol and lipoprotein components at near normalcy. Squalene supplementation exhibited an antioxidant effect against isoprenaline-induced myocardial infarction by blocking the induction of lipid peroxidation. A tendency to prevent the isoprenaline induced reduction in the non-enzymatic antioxidants such as vitamin E and C was also observed. The results of the present study indicate that the cardioprotective effect of squalene might be ascribable to its antilipidemic, antioxidant and membrane stabilizing properties.
Biochemical, microbial and sensory changes of Bombay duck (Harpodon nehereus) fish fingers during chilled storage
(Society of Fishery Technologists (India), 2017) Jeyakumari, A.; Murthy, L.N.; Visnuvinayagam, S.
Bombay duck (Harpodon nehereus) is one of the important fishery species along Gujarat and Maharashtra coasts. Due to a very high moisture content (90%), it is unsuitable to use either in fresh or in frozen form and almost entire catch is consumed in sundried form. This study is aimed to explore the possibilities of better utilization of this species by development of battered and breaded fish fingers. Fish fingers were prepared from Bombay duck fillet and their qualities were evaluated under chilled storage up to 21 days. Fish fingers had 52.43% moisture, 12.25% protein, 10.17% fat, 2.03% ash and 23.12% carbohydrate. Results showed increasing trend in pH, TVB-N, FFA, PV and TBA values (p<0.05) during storage. Microbiological analysis revealed that total plate count of fish fingers was within the acceptable limit (1.29 x 104 cfu g-1 on 21st day) throughout the storage period. Sensory evaluation showed decrease in overall acceptability of fish finger during chilled storage. Results indicate that fish fingers from Bombay duck can be stored for 15 days in 4°C without change in sensory quality.
Biochemical, sensory and textural quality of whole and gutted cultured milkfish (Chanos chanos) stored in ice
(Society of Fishery Technologists (India), 2017) Murthy, L.N.; Padiyar, P.A.; Rao, B.M.; Asha, K.K.; Jesmi, D.; Phadke, G.G.; Prasad, M.M.; Ravishankar, C.N.
Icing and ice storage of fish is widely used for transportation and marketing of fish. This paper reports on the biochemical, sensory and textural quality changes in ice stored whole and gutted cultured milkfish (Chanos chanos). Moisture content decreased and fat content increased with storage period in whole fish but it was reverse in gutted fish during the ice storage. Biochemical quality parameters showed an increasing trend during iced storage but increase was greater in gutted fish compared to whole fish. Overall acceptability of whole and gutted milkfish decreased significantly over the storage (p<0.05). Textural quality showed deterioration with progressive storage period.
Biochemical, textural and microbiological quality of squid stored under conventional and slurry ice during onboard fishing
(2017) Murthy, L.N.; Phadke, G.G.; Jeyakumari, A.; Parvathy, U.; Visnuvinayagam, S.
Careful handling of fish and shellfish onboard at the vessel is of prime importance in order to maintain the freshness. Use of slurry ice for onboard fish storage allows rapid heat transfer as well as reduces damage to the product by conventional ice. In the present investigation, the effect of onboard chilling with conventional ice and slurry ice on the quality of squid was evaluated. Samples stored at different time intervals (7th and 11th day) were collected and analyzed for their biochemical, textural and microbiological quality characteristics. Use of slurry ice, immediately after catch of squid reduced the formation of nitrogenous substances as well as the rate of pH increase during storage. Total volatile base nitrogen, tri methyl amine nitrogen and thio-barbituric acid values were within the acceptable limit
Biochemical, textural, microbiological and sensory attributes of gutted and ungutted sutchi catfish (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus) stored in ice
(Springer, 2015) Viji, P.; George Ninan; Lalitha, K.V.; Zynudheen, A.A.; Tanuja, S.; Binsi, P.K.; Srinivasagopal, T. K.
Pangasianodon hypophthalmus (sutchi catfish) is a fresh water catfish extensively being cultured in the South East Asian countries in the recent years. The present study provides the first report on the effects of gutting on the quality characteristics of aquacultured sutchi catfish stored in ice. pH of whole ungutted and gutted catfish didn’t show significant difference (p>0.05) during ice storage period. Total Volatile Base Nitrogen (TVB-N), Alpha Amino Nitrogen (AAN), Free Fatty Acids (FFA) and Thio Barbituric Acid Reactive Substance (TBARS) were lower in gutted fish compared to whole ungutted fish at any particular day during ice storage. However, gutted fish expressed higher rate of primary lipid oxidation than ungutted fish. Textural degradation of the fish muscle as indicated by hardness, cohesiveness, springiness and chewiness was lower in gutted fish. Results of sensory evaluation revealed that gutting has significantly improved the sensory quality of the fish. However, microbiological analysis revealed higher Total Plate Count (TPC) and Enterobactereaceae count in gutted fish. The shelf life of gutted and whole ungutted sutchi cat fish as determined by microbiological analysis was 16–18 days and 18–20 days respectively while storage in ice.
Blackening of canned prawn and its prevention
(Society of fisheries Technologists (India), Cochin, 1970) Nanakumaran, N.; Chaudhury, D.R.; Pillai, V.K.
The paper gives an account of the types of blackening associated with canned prawn in brine and their control . It was found that blackening caused by iron sulphide could be controlled by maintaining proper titratable acidity of fill brine in cans . The paper also elaborates on the factors responsible for or governing this critical titratable acidity. In regard to copper sulphide blackening, control was found to be difficult by maintaining the acidity or by additives such as EDTA when the copper content in the material went above the critical level .
Cadmium in the purple back flying squid sthenoteuthis oualanienisis (Lesson 1830) along north west coast of India
(2008) Murthy, L.N.; Panda, S.K.; Madhu, V.R.; Ashokan, P.K.; Ghosh, S.; Das, S.; Badonia, R.
The purpleback flying squid Sthenoteuthis oualaniensis (Lesson, 1830) is landed in small quantities along the northwest coast of India. Keeping in view the possibility of utilization of this species for domestic and export markets, the cadmium accumulation in the body tissues, which often causes concern, was studied. The dorsal mantle length of male and female observed during the study ranged from 34 to 47 cm and 30 to 32 cm respectively. The highest mean concentration of 435.22 ± 61.27 μg g-1 (mean ± S.E.) of Cd was found in the liver. Accumulation of Cd was also prominent in the gut, gills and skin. Moderate concentration of Cd (1 to 4 μg g-1) was observed in the nidamental gland, accessory nidamental gland, eyes, tentacles and muscle. In the gonads and arms, the concentration was below the acceptability level of 1.0 μg g-1. Higher accumulation in most of the organs/tissues of larger squids was observed. Significantly higher accumulation (p < 0.05) was noticed in the liver of larger specimens, indicating bioaccumulation. As the mean Cd content in the edible part was more than 1.0 μg g-1, this study highlights the need for detailed investigations to understand the bioaccumulation of Cd in Sthenoteuthis oualaniensis.
Change in the quality of different varieties of fish during long distance transportation
(Society of Fisheries Technologis(India), 1986) Rao, C.C.P.; Unnithan, G.R.

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