FT Vol.57(2)
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- ItemQuality characteristics and stability of chicken cutlet fortified with Fish Protein Hydrolysate (FPH)(Society of Fisheries Technologists (India), 2020)Fish Protein Hydrolysate (FPH) was incorporated in chicken cutlet to study its effect on quality aspects and storage stability. FPH was added at four different concentrations viz., 0, 5, 10 and 15%. It was observed that 15% FPH in chicken cutlet gave a better cooking yield of 63.64 ± 0 .08% and a lower cooking loss of 36.55± 0.53%. Hence 15% FPH among the treatment groups was used for the formulation of chicken cutlet with various proportions of chicken and binder (60% chicken and 40% potato, 70% chicken and 30% potato, 80% chicken and 20% potato) for optimization. The combination of 70% chicken and 30% binder exhibited low oil uptake, minimum shrinkage, optimum pH, and overall acceptability during sensory evaluation (OA). Finally, the optimised combination of 70:30 was used to prepare the chicken cutlet and analysed for the storage stability by MAP and Normal Packaging. It was observed that the oxidative parameters such as PV, TBARS and TPC were lower for the samples which were given MAP. OA was highest for the samples with MAP. It could be concluded that FPH imparts a positive impact on storage stability and quality parameters of chicken cutlet.
- ItemPhenotypic and genotypic characterization of nonO1/ nonO139 Vibrio cholerae from aquaculture farm sediments(Society of Fisheries Technologists (India), 2020)Toxigenic Vibrio cholerae is a major public health problem in developing countries andlysogenic conversion of naturally occurring nontoxigenic V. cholerae strains by a lysogenic filamentous bacteriophage CTXÖ has also been demonstrated. The aim of this study was to analyse phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of V. cholerae strains from sediments in aquaculture settings. Based on biochemical, molecular and serological assays confirmed the presence of fourty nine nonO1/nonO139 V.cholerae strains from fifty six sediment samples. PCR assays revealed that all V.cholerae strains harboured toxR, hlyA and ompW genes. But none of the virulent genessuch as ctxA, tcpA, ace and zot were present in all tested strains. Antibiotic susceptibility to different antibacterial agents was also performed by disc diffusion assay. This result has shown 26.5% of the non-O1/non-O139 V.cholerae isolates were multidrug resistant for three classes of antibiotics. Genetic diversity of nontoxigenic V.cholerae isolated from aquaculture farm sedimentswas determined by ERIC PCR.The genetic diversity studies revealed clonal relationship among the various non-O1/non- O139 isolates.
- ItemNano zinc – titanium – cerium Coating on BIS 2062 Boat building Carbon steel for Corrosion Protection(Society of Fisheries Technologists (India), 2020)The corrosion inhibition ability of three nano oxides, zinc oxide, titanium oxide and cerium oxide coating over BIS 2062 carbon steel was studied. Morphology of the coating evaluated using SEM and AFM techniques and it showed uniform coverage over the surface and lower roughness than untreated steel. Electrochemical measurement in 3.5% NaCl showed 3.5-fold increase in polarization resistance than bare steel. The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy data was exhibited comparable results as that of linear polarization studies. The nano xode mixture having 0.01% each of zinc and titanium and 0.02% cerium showed adequate corrosion protection under the marine environment.
- ItemHaemolytic studies on Fish, Sheep and Human Blood Agar against Pathogenic Bacteria(Society of Fisheries Technologists (India), 2020)In this study, β-haemolytic activity of fish blood (Cyprinus rubrofuscus), sheep blood (SB) and human blood (HB) was assessed for studying haemolysis against reference bacterial strains Edwardsiella tarda (ATCC 15947); Aeromonas hydrophila (ATCC 35654); Enterobacter cloacae (ATCC 13047); Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 10145); Escherichia coli (ATCC 35218); Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 43300); Vibrio cholera (MTCC 3906) and Salmonella paratyphii (ATCC 15305). Both human blood and fish blood showed similar β-haemolytic activity for all pathogens except E. cloacae on fish blood. The zone of haemolysis (mm) recorded in FB is 18, 28, 0, 22, 25, 14, 20, 22; in HB is 13, 15, 14, 23, 17, 18, 15, 17 and in SB is 14.6, 13.8, 15.8, 26.2, 19.4, 21.2, 17.6, 16.2 after 48 h respectively for E. tarda; A. hydrophila; E. cloacae; P. aeruginosa; E. coli; S. aureus; V. cholera and S. paratyphii. The present study also reports the antimicrobial property of fish blood against the commonly occurring fish pathogens. The result indicated a decrease in optical density readings in fish blood supplemented broth compared to control broth (without blood). This indicates clear inhibition of growth for the three pathogens in BHI broth supplemented with fish blood possesed due to the presence of antimicrobial substances in the fish blood. In conclusion, β-haemolytic activity observed better in FB plates when compared with HB plates and therefore, fish blood can be used as an alternative to sheep blood for haemolytic studies of fish pathogens.
- ItemDevelopment of Low Drag Trawls for Energy Efficient Fishing(Society of Fisheries Technologists (India), 2020)Trawl drag is an important factor determining the energy efficiency and profitability of trawling. Drag experienced during trawling depends on the design, rigging, accessories of the net, hydrographic and dragging conditions and has a direct bearing on fuel consumption. Fuel cost can alone constitute up to 75% of the operational expenditure of a trawler. Stronger materials will permit the use of thinner twines to reduce twine surface area and hence drag. Empirical estimations of drag of different commercial trawl nets in Kerala showed it to range from 1.37 to 48.94 kN. Comparative fishing trials were carried out with 24 m trawls made of HDPE twine and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE). Study revealed that average fuel consumption of HDPE trawls was 31.86±1.25 l-h whereas it was 25.31±1.38 l-h for UHMWPE trawl. CPUE were 8.1 kg h-1 and 7.9 kg h-1 for UHMWPE trawl and HDPE trawl respectively. Results shows that material substitution, coupled with improvement in trawl design, appropriate gear accessories and towing speed can help significantly in reducing the drag and concurrent reduction in fuel use.