FT Vol.54(2)

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    Digestibility of Dry Matter and Nutrients from Azolla pinnata by Labeo calbasu (Hamilton, 1822) with a Note on Digestive Enzyme Activity
    (Society of Fisheries Technologists (India),cochin, 2017) Gangadhar, B; Umalatha, H.; Hegde, G; Sridhar, N
    Digestibility of feed ingredients in the compounded diet is an important factor affecting the growth of fish. A study was conducted in indoor plastic tubs to estimate the in vivo digestibility of dry matter and nutrients by a minor carp Labeo calbasu for a nonconventional feed ingredient – azolla, incorporated at levels ranging from 0-40% using crude fibre as the marker. The activities of major digestive enzymes were also estimated in the gut of fish fed varied levels of azolla. The digestibility values were the highest (p<0.05) at 10% azolla inclusion level. While the total dry matter digestibility and fat digestibility values of control diet were comparable with that of azolla diets up to 30% incorporation, with a decline thereafter; protein and NFE digestibilities were comparable up to 40% incorporation. Activities of majority of digestive enzymes were the highest (p<0.05) at 10% azolla incorporation level showing a decreasing trend at still higher levels. The study reveals the usefulness of azolla for inclusion in calbasu diets. Azolla can be used up to 30% without affecting the digestibility.
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    Digitization of Inland Water Resources for Fisheries through Remote Sensing and Geographical Information System - A Study in Ratnagiri District
    (Society of Fisheries Technologists (India),cochin, 2017) Lokhande, P.C; Shirdhankar, M.M; Chaudhari, K.J; Sawant, M. S.
    Natural inland aquatic resources such as rivers, creeks, mangroves as well as manmade resources such as reservoirs, shrimp farms and shrimp hatcheries of Ratnagiri district were mapped using Remote Sensing and Geographical Information System (GIS). IRS P6 LISS III images were used for mapping. A total of 10 rivers, 24 creeks and 2435.16 ha of mangrove area were identified and mapped. There are 65 reservoirs, 40 shrimp farms and 2 hatcheries in the district. Digital maps of each resource with details were incorporated using GIS techniques. IRS P6 LISS III images with 23 m resolution can be processed after enhancing resolution to 15 m by merging with Landset ETM+ image to map inland fisheries resources through Geographical Information System.
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    Nonparametric regression estimation of growth rate of India’s fish production and export
    (Society of Fishery Technologists (India), 2017) Joshy, C.G.; Balakrishna, N.; Ravishankar, C.N.
    Mechanistic growth models, parametric and nonparametric regression models were used to estimate the trend and growth rate of fish production in India during the period 1980 to 2014 and fish export during the period 1960 to 2014. It was found that parametric and mechanistic growth models produced high R2 values and low RMSE, but error terms of fitted models were not independent. The local polynomial regression of order one was fitted to the data and found to be the best model to estimate the trend of fish production and export over the decades. Nonparametric regression approach used to estimate the compound growth rate of fish production and export efficiently compared to parametric and mechanistic growth models.
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    Review on biochemical composition and microflora of prawns
    (Society of Fishery Technologists (India), 2017) Joseph, G.; Bindu, J.
    Prawns are highly demanded seafood commodity both in domestic and International markets due to their nutritional value and unique taste. However, its trading is a risky business due to quick perishable nature and the formation of black spots on the exoskeleton. Biochemical composition such as water activity, pH and autolytic enzymes of the prawn significantly influence the degree of spoilage; moreover, prawns are scavengers and filter feeders which cause them to accumulate several bacteria in their body, which also accelerates the spoilage process. Hence, basic information regarding the biochemical composition and micro-flora of prawn are highly relevant to find out suitable preservation techniques and the production of various value added products. This article reviews the available information on the moisture, sarcoplasmic protein, myofibrillar proteins, stroma protein, non-protein nitrogen (NPN), free amino acid, saturated fatty acids, monounsaturated fatty acids, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), mineral content and microflora of the prawns.
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    Antibiotic resistance of Escherichia coli isolated from seafood of Veraval, Gujarat to third generation cephalosporins
    (Society of Fishery Technologists (India), 2017) Sivaraman, G.K.; Jha, A.K.; Remya, S.; Renuka, V.; Lalitha, K.V.; Ravishankar, C.N.
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    Digitization of Inland Water Resources for Fisheries through Remote Sensing and Geographical Information System - A Study in Ratnagiri District
    (2017) Kumari, Shweta; Sharma, Arpita; Ghosh, Amitava; Chaturvedi, C.S
    Fisheries is one of the primary source of livelihood in Chhattisgarh and a number of community ponds have come up or have been revived under Government’s promotional programmes with fishing rights given to co-operative groups or to local SHGs. As per Jila Panchayat office, 115 SHGs are involved in fisheries related activities in Raipur. However, there is little information available regarding these SHGs. So a study was carried out to document fisheries activities undertaken by SHGs and to assess their performance in the 4 blocks of Raipur. Out of 115 SHGs, information was collected from 10 SHGs from each block making a total of 40 SHGs. Performance of SHGs was assessed using NABARD checklist which consists of 16 parameters. SHGs are rated as very good (score: 3), good (score: 2) and unsatisfactory (score: 1) based on scores on these 16 parameters. It was found that SHGs have perennial ponds taken on lease. Women were involved in i.e., seed stocking, fish harvesting and selling. Composite fish culture with Indian Major Carps and exotic carp was practiced. None of the SHG had very good performance. It was found that SHGs were formed in different plan periods. ANOVA with one way classification was done to test the difference in these SHGs with reference to performance score and found that there is no significant difference. Average performance score was 2.17 ± 0.18 which suggests good performance. Parameters where score was less were number of meetings, timings of meetings, savings collection within group and loan recoveries. Interventions are required at a large scale so as to educate and counsel the SHGs to improve their performance scores
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    Quality and fatty acid composition of lipids from head of Indian mackerel (Rastreliger kanagurta) and tigertooth croaker (Otolithes ruber)
    (Society of Fishery Technologists (India), 2017) Elavarasan, K.; Kumar, A.; Tejpal, C.S.; Kumar, K.S.; Uchoi, D.; Ninan, G.; Zynudheen, A.A.
    Fish processing discards contain valuable nutrients such as proteins, lipids and minerals. The lipid from mackerel and croaker head extracted by alkali solubilization was recovered and characterized for quality parameters such as peroxide value (PV), free fatty acid (FFA), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and fatty acid composition. PV, FFA and TBARS values of lipids recovered from head of mackerel was higher than that of croaker. Both mackerel and croaker head lipids had higher amount of saturated fatty acids (SFA) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) and lower amount of polyunsatuarated fatty acids (PUFA) compared to fatty acids from muscle of the same fishes. Mackerel head lipids had higher PUFA content (30.81%) than that of croaker (18.71%). The SFA content was dominated by palmitic acid while the MUFA content was dominated by palmitoleic acid. Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA; C22: 6 ω3) and Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA; C 20: 5 ω3) were the dominant PUFA in both the fish-head lipids. The study revealed the fish head waste as a potential source of ω-3 fatty acids which can be recovered by alkali solubilization process.
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    Biochemical, microbial and sensory changes of Bombay duck (Harpodon nehereus) fish fingers during chilled storage
    (Society of Fishery Technologists (India), 2017) Jeyakumari, A.; Murthy, L.N.; Visnuvinayagam, S.
    Bombay duck (Harpodon nehereus) is one of the important fishery species along Gujarat and Maharashtra coasts. Due to a very high moisture content (90%), it is unsuitable to use either in fresh or in frozen form and almost entire catch is consumed in sundried form. This study is aimed to explore the possibilities of better utilization of this species by development of battered and breaded fish fingers. Fish fingers were prepared from Bombay duck fillet and their qualities were evaluated under chilled storage up to 21 days. Fish fingers had 52.43% moisture, 12.25% protein, 10.17% fat, 2.03% ash and 23.12% carbohydrate. Results showed increasing trend in pH, TVB-N, FFA, PV and TBA values (p<0.05) during storage. Microbiological analysis revealed that total plate count of fish fingers was within the acceptable limit (1.29 x 104 cfu g-1 on 21st day) throughout the storage period. Sensory evaluation showed decrease in overall acceptability of fish finger during chilled storage. Results indicate that fish fingers from Bombay duck can be stored for 15 days in 4°C without change in sensory quality.
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    Collagen Biosynthesis in Osteoblast Cells Treated with Fish Collagen Peptides
    (Society of Fisheries Technologists (India),COCHIN, 2017) Hema, G.S; Shyni, K; Prasad, M. Manu; Ninan, George; Mathew, Suseela
    Collagen is one of the most widely used biomaterials in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. To investigate the effect of fish collagen peptides on the formation of collagen proteins by mature osteoblast cells, human osteoblast cells were treated with collagen peptide in both time and dose dependent manner. The stimulatory effect of collagen peptide was confirmed by western blot and immunocytochemistry analysis. The results clearly indicate that the presence of fish collagen peptides led to a dose dependent increase in collagen synthesis by osteoblast cells upto a concentration of 0.6 mg ml-1. However native collagen or collagen free protein hydrolysate failed to stimulate the production of collagen in osteoblast cells. The results show a stimulatory effect of fish collagen peptides on the collagen biosynthesis in osteoblast cells and suggest a possible mechanism for the regulation of collagen turnover in joint tissues.
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    Effect of Light Spectra on Growth Performance and Immune Response of Koi Carp, Cyprinus carpio (Linnaeus, 1758)
    (Society of Fisheries Technologists (India),cochin, 2017) Bairwa, Mukesh Kumar; Saharan, Neelam; Rawat, Kiran Dube; Tiwari, Virendra Kumar; Prasad, K. Pani
    The present study was undertaken to assess the growth performance and non-specific immune response of koi carp, Cyprinus carpio exposed to lightemitting diodes (LEDs): blue (450 nm), green (530 nm), yellow (530 nm) and red (630 nm) under long photoperiod (16 h light) for 90 days. White fluorescent light (simulated natural photoperiod, SNP) was used as control. Growth performance of fish was higher (p<0.05) in blue-LED and green-LED exposed groups with significantly higher weight gain percentage, FER and SGR and lower FCR. The concentrations of stress indicators: (cortisol and glucose) were significantly (p<0.05) higher in yellow-LED, red-LED and for control fish group. Total protein, globulin protein, lysozyme activity and respiratory burst activity was significantly higher (p<0.05) in blue-LED and green-LED exposed fish groups whereas, yellow-LED and red-LED exposed fish recorded decline in this parameters after 60 days. The present study recommends that blue and green lights are suitable for better growth and improving the non-specific immune system of koi carp.
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    Square mesh window for reducing hilsa juvenile bycatch in stationary bagnets
    (Society of Fishery Technologists (India), 2017) Prajith, K.K.; Remesan, M.P.; Madhu, V.R.; Pravin, P.