Peer Reviewed Journal Articles (Inter.) (B&N)

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Browsing Peer Reviewed Journal Articles (Inter.) (B&N) by Subject "antioxidant status"

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    Antioxidant defense of betaine against isoprenaline-induced myocardial infarction in rats
    (Springer-Verlag, 2010) Ganesan, B.; Buddhan, S.; Anandan, R.; Sivakumar, R.; Anbinezhilan, R.
    We investigated the antioxidant preventive effect of betaine on isoprenaline-induced myocardial infarction in male albino rats. Isoprenaline induced myocardial infarction was manifested by a moderate elevation in the levels of diagnostic marker enzymes (alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase and creatine phosphokinase) and homocysteine in plasma of experimental rats. Significant rise in the level of lipid peroxidation with a concomitant decline in the levels of myocardial non-enzymic (reduced glutathione) and enzymic antioxidants (glutathione peroxidase, glutathione-S-transferase, catalase and superoxide dismutase) was also observed. Oral pretreatment with betaine significantly prevented isoprenaline-induced alterations in the levels of diagnostic marker enzymes and homocysteine in plasma of experimental groups of rats. It counteracted the isoprenaline-induced lipid peroxidation and maintained the myocardial antioxidant defense system at near normal. Histopathological observations also confirmed the protective effect of betaine against isoprenaline-induced myocardial infarction. The results of the present investigation indicate that the protective effect of betaine is probably related to its ability to strengthen the myocardial membrane by its membrane stabilizing action or to a counteraction of free radicals by its antioxidant property.
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    Biochemical studies on the antiulcer effect of glucosamine on antioxidant defense status in experimentally induced peptic ulcer in rats
    (The Society of Free radical Research, Japan, 2005) Santhosh, S.; Anandan, R.; Sini, T.K.; Mathew, P.T.; Thankappan, T.K.
    The present study examined the antiucler effect of glucosamine on mucosal antioxidant defense system in ibuprofen-induced peptic ulcer in male albino rats.The number of lesions in the gastric mucosa, volume of gastric juice, acid output, peasin activity, lipid peroxides, reduced glutathione conttent and the activities of glutathione dependent antioxidant enzymes (glutathione peroxidase and glutathione-S-transferase)and antiperoxidative enzymes (catalase and superoxide dismutase)were determined. Prior oral administration of glucosamine significantly prevented the ibuprofen-induced increases in the number of lesions in the gastric mucosa, volume of gastric juice and acidity .It also maintained the activity of pepsin at near normal level.Oral pretreatment of glucosamine exerted a significant antioxidant effect by preventing ibuprofen-induced lipid peroxidation and by maintaining the levelof reduced glutathione and the activities of muscosal antioxidant enzymes at near normalcy.The results of the present investigation indicate that the antiulcer activity of glucosamine is related to its ability to neutralize the hydrochloric acid secreted into the stomach and to its antioxidant capability to inhit ibuprofen-induced lipid peroxidation.
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    Biochemical studies on the cardioprotective effect of glutamine on tissue antioxidant defense system in isoprenaline-induced myocardial infarction in rats
    (Institute of Applied Biochemistry (Japan), 2007) Kumar, S.H.S.; Anandan, R.
    Oxidative stress is one of the mechanisms with a central role involved in the pathogenesis of myocardial infarction. The protective effect of glutamine on myocardial antioxidant defense system was investigated during isoprenaline-induced myocardial infarction, an animal model of myocardial infarction of human beings. Levels of diagnostic marker enzymes in plasma, reduced glutathione (GSH) and lipid peroxides and the activities of glutathione peroxidase, glutathione-S-transferase, catalase and superoxide dismutase in heart tissue were determined. Injection of isoprenaline caused significant increases in the levels of diagnostic marker enzymes in plasma and lipid peroxidation in heart tissue. A parallel decline in the levels of ATP (Adenosine triphosphate) and GSH and the activities of glutathione-dependent antioxidant enzymes and antiperoxidative enzymes in heart tissue was also observed. Prior oral administration of glutamine significantly prevented isoprenaline-induced adverse effects and maintained myocardial antioxidant status at near normal status. The cardioprotective effect of glutamine is probably related to a strengthening of the myocardial membrane by its membrane stabilizing action, or to a counteraction of free radicals by its antioxidant property, or to its ability to maintain near to normal status the activities of free radical scavenging enzymes and the level of GSH, which protect myocardial membrane against oxidative damage by decreasing lipid peroxidation.
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    Studies on the protective effects of betaine against oxidative damage during experimentally induced restraint stress in wistar albino rats
    (2011) Ganesan, B.; Anandan, R.; Lakshmanan, P.T.
    Stress can be defined as physical and psychological modifications that disrupt the homeostasis and the balance of organisms. Stress is known as one of the most important reasons of several diseases. In the present study, the anti-stress effect of betaine was evaluated with reference to its antioxidant property. Wistar albino rats were divided into four groups such as control, betaine, restraint stress (6 h/day for 30 days), and betaine+restraint stress. The oxidative damage was assessed by measuring the protein and corticosterone in plasma, lipid peroxidation, nonenzymic (reduced glutathione), and enzymic antioxidants (glutathione peroxidase, glutathione-S-transferase, catalase, and superoxide dismutase) in the lymphoid organs of thymus and spleen. Followed by the induction of restraint stress, the non-enzymic and enzymic antioxidants were significantly decreased with concomitant increase observed in the levels of corticosterone and lipid peroxidation. Oral pretreatment with betaine (250 mg/kg body weight daily for a period of 30 days) significantly (P<0.001) prevented the restraint stress-induced alterations in the levels of protein and corticosterone in plasma of experimental groups of rats. It counteracted the restraint stress-induced lipid peroxidation and maintained the antioxidant defense system in the lymphoid tissues at near normal. The findings suggest that betaine possesses significant anti-stress activity, which may be due to its antioxidant property.