FT Vol.54(1)

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    Antioxidative effect of pineapple peel extracts in refrigerated storage of Indian Mackerel
    (Society of Fisheries Technologist(India), 2017) Uchoi, D.; Raju, C.V.; Lakshmisha, I.P.; Singh, R.R.; Elavarasan, K.
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    Biochemical Changes During Salt Fermentation of Pangasius hypophthalmus (Sauvage, 1878)
    (Society of Fisheries Technologists (India),COCHIN, 2017) Praveen Kumar, G; Balange, A.K; Martin Xavier, K.A; Nayak, B.B; Sanath Kumar, H
    The suitability of Pangasius hypophthalmus as a raw material for salt fermentation and changes during 135 days was analysed. Pangasius steaks were fermented in food grade PVC jar and biochemical parameters such as pH, salt, thiobarbutric acid reactive substances (TBARS), free α-amino nitrogen (FAN), moisture and ash content were analysed. The moisture content of Pangasius had shown a slight increase during fermentation from 54.9% (0th day) to 56.67 (135th day). Ash content recorded an increase from 11.98% on 1st day to 18.17% (135th day). Salt content of Pangasius steaks has increased significantly (p 0.5) during fermentation. TBARS content recorded an increase till 75th day and decreased continuously till maturation. The FAN registered an increase from 44.71 mg% (0th day) to 92.86 mg% (135th day).The moisture, pH, ash, salt, TBARS, FAN in the final matured fermented product were 56.67%, 5.93%, 18.17%, 14.43% and 0.21 mg malonaldehyde kg-1 of fat and 92.86 mg% respectively. Therefore, it was concluded that Pangasius developed a firm consistency and characteristic flavour and taste over 135 days of maturation.
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    Carcass Characteristics of Farmed Medium Carp Hypselobarbus pulchellus (Day, 1878)
    (Society of Fisheries Technologists (India), 2017) Raghunath, M. R; Sridhar, N; Hemaprasanth, K; Gangadhar, B; Ananda Kumar, B.S; Rajesh, N; Umalata, H; Hegde, G; Jayasankar, P
    The carcass quality traits of an endemic carp, Hypselobarbus pulchellus, were assessed to determine its flesh yield and quality. Fish were stocked at 5000 no. ha-1 in 0.1 ha earthen composite aquaculture ponds with a mean temperature of 24.6°C and given supplementary feed once daily. Fish weighing between 1.8-2.5 kg were assessed for carcass and offal yields as well as carcass cutability, organoleptic evaluation and proximate composition. Dressed fish (n=10) were cut at three median places to yield head, first, second and third body sections. The fish had a length of 48.2±6.4 cm and weight of 2.1±0.71 kg with a condition factor (K) of 3.5±0.7. The second body section (BS) of the fish had the maximum girth, area and weight followed by first and third body sections. The girth, area and weight of the three BS were linearly proportional to the weight of the fish but not to its length. The variations in the characteristics were also higher in the bigger sections. The three body sections constituted 64% of the weight of fish, while the offal and head comprised 26 and 10% respectively. Mean yield on dressing of fish was 70% with a meat: bone ratio of 3.27. There were no differences between the first, second and third body sections in their proximate composition. Brine cooked sections evaluated by a panel were not significantly different in taste. The fish had a proximate composition of 73.2±0.7% moisture, 23±0.6% protein, 5.3±1.6% fat and 1.4±0.2% ash.
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    Depredation and catch loss due to the interaction of aquatic organisms with ring seines off Cochin Region
    (Society of Fisheries Technologist(India), 2017) Raphael, L.; Joseph, R.; Edwin, L.
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    Differential Training Needs of Fishery Demonstrators in the State of Assam, India
    (Society of Fisheries Technologists (India),cochin, 2017) Sharma, D. J.; Dana, S. S.; Ghosh, Amitava
    Training has been playing a pivotal role in organizational and human resource development. Personnel in the Dept. of Fisheries should be imparted with in-service training on different technological and scientific aspects of fisheries, otherwise, they will soon be working far below to their potential capacity. Moreover, the findings in this regards will enable them for improving the organizational productivity and more efficient mode of technology transfer to the fish farmers. In-service training programmes on different aspects of inland fish farming should be conducted in a regular and phased manner so as to facilitate the continuous updating of knowledge and ultimately improve the fish production with state. Unbiased selection of trainees as per the organizational, professional requirements and socio-personal suitability should be followed for the selection of the candidates
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    Effect of Different Washing Cycles on the Quality of Pangasius hypophthalmus Surimi
    (Society of Fisheries Technologists (India),COCHIN, 2017) Hassan, M.A; Balange, A.K; Senapati, S.R; Martin Xavier, K.A
    Pangasius is a fish with low cost and round the year availability, which can be an alternate raw material to regular marine fish species like pink perch and croaker. Yellow discolouration of meat is the most serious problem in marketing Pangasius as fillet. There is a need to develop an alternative ways of utilizing Pangasius and making surimi is one of the alternatives. Therefore attempts have been made in the present investigation to optimize the process of surimi preparation from Pangasius hypophthalmus. Effect of different washing cycles i.e., one, two, three and four washes with 1: 3 mince to water ratio on the quality of Pangasius surimi was investigated. It was found that among the different washing cycles, third and fourth washing cycles have resulted in the highest gel strength and lowest expressible moisture of Pangasius surimi as compared with control and other treatments. The sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) study revealed disappearance of myosin heavy chain (MHC) in the surimi gel obtained with third and fourth washing cycle indicating good cross linking. With increasing washing cycle whiteness of surimi was also improved. Sensory evaluation indicated highest overall acceptability for surimi obtained with third and fourth washing. However, the quality of surimi obtained from third and fourth washing was not different. Therefore, it can be concluded that three washing cycles with 1:3 mince: water ration can be optimum for making good quality surimi from Pangasius.
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    Evaluation of Bamboo, Coconut Shell Substrates and Supplemental Feeding on the Growth of Pearlspot, Etroplus suratensis (Bloch) Fry in Low Volume Cages
    (Fishery Technology, 2017) Sukumaran, K.; Thirunavukkarasu, A. R.; Kailasam, M.; Sundaray, J. K.; Biswas, G.; Kumar, Prem; Subburaj, R.; Thiagrajan, G.; Venu, S.
    The 90 days experiment aimed at understanding the scope of utilising periphyton substrates for cage culture of pearlspot fry. The experiment evaluated coconut shells relative to bamboo as periphyton substrates for pearlspot culture. The experiment constituted six floating cages (1x0.75x1 m3) each partitioned into two to get 12 experimental units into which 360 pearlspot fry (avg. wt. 3.55±0.17 g) were equally distributed. The experiment constituted of four treatment; TB: substrate (bamboo-strip mats), TC: substrate (coconut shells), TB+F: substrate (bamboo-strip mats) + supplementary feed,TF: supplementary feed, in triplicates. The substrates provided a surface area of ~ 1.9m2 unit-1. Feeding in TB+F and TF was done using commercial carp feed (crude protein- 32%; crude lipid- 5%) twice daily approximately at 10% of the body weight initially upto 30 days and subsequently the feeding rate was reduced to 9 and 8% of body weight after 30 and 60 days respectively. Sampling was conducted every 15 days to assess fish growth and survival. Relatively higher specific growth rate (SGR) recorded in TB+F over TF during the initial phase of the experiment indicated the ability of pearlspot to utilise periphyton efficiently in the early stages. Final SGR of 1.2 and 1.5% day-1 in TC and TB respectively indicates that periphyton can support the growth of pearlspot. Higher SGR and percentage weight gain in TB (1.50±0.07% day-1; 288.10±26.69%) relative to TC (1.26±0.12% day-1; 215.90±36.37%) shows that bamboo is superior periphyton substrate for pearlspot culture. Lower yet statistically similar growth rates of pearlspot in Tc relative to TB together with low cost and easy availability of coconut shell substrates indicates that these could be used as alternative periphyton substrates for fish culture.
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    Identification of Key Factors to Negotiate Spontaneous Spawning of Clarias batrachus in Confinement
    (Fishery Technology, 2017) Priyadarshi, Himanshu; Singh, A. A.; Jamoh, Neriyang; Chakraborty, Puja; Bogi, Rasidamad; Singh, S. B; Mallik, Abhijit; Mahendrajit, Amom; Khuman, O. N; Paul, Tapas; Das, Rekha
    Clarias batrachus do not spawn spontaneously in confined conditions even after induction using synthetic hormones. Current hatchery techniques for seed production of the species involves fertilization of stripped eggs using ground testes suspension from a sacrificed male. The study report the elicitation of spontaneous spawning in C. batrachus and the successful hatching of the eggs collected there from. The mature males and females were induced using ovatideTM and released into a gently sloping drain planted with paddy saplings. The fertilized eggs were collected 24 h post injection and transferred to a flow-through device for incubation. It is observed that bilateral injection of ovatide in combination with complete exclusion of light and total simulation of the natural breeding grounds of the species have positive influence on spontaneous spawning in confinement. With finer refinements, it would be possible to have more control and success in terms of spontaneous spawning and easy collection of the eggs, which is desirable for a commercial hatchery.
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    Performance Evaluation of Multi-seam Trawl in Inshore waters of Visakhapatanam, North East-coast of India
    (Society of Fisheries Technologist(India), 2017) Rajeswary, G.; Raghu Prakash, R.; Sreedhar, U.
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    Quality evaluation of high pressure--processed edible oyster (crassostrea madrasensis) during chilled storage
    (2017) Bindu, J.; Kamalakanth, C.K.; Das, S.; Asha, K.K.; Gopal, T.K.S.
    The effect of high pressure on changes in quality of oyster meat subjected to 300 MPa pressure during chilled storage at 2±1°C was evaluated. 100g of depurated and shucked oyster meat was packed under vacuum in EVOH multilayer pouches. The packed pouches were then subjected to 300 MPa pressure with a holding time of 5 min at 25°C. A control was also maintained without pressure treatment. The pressure-treated oyster and control were further stored at 2±1°C. The pH, thiobarbituric acid value (TBA), total volatile nitrogen (TVB-N) and free fatty acid value (FFA) showed an increasing trend during storage for both control and pressuretreated samples. Total plate count decreased after pressure treatment but showed an increase during storage. On the basis of microbiological and chemical parameters evaluated, it was found that high pressure-processed oyster meat had a shelf life of 27 days whereas control was acceptable up to 15 days only during storage at 2±1°C.
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    Temporal Variability of Size-fractionated Chlorophyll a Concentration and Influence of Chemical Parameters in Coastal waters of South-eastern Arabian Sea
    (Fishery Technology, 2016) Minu, P.; Souda, V. P.; Ashraf, P. Muhamed
    Phytoplankton size structure influences the underwater light field and determines the fate of carbon in a pelagic food chain. Temporal and vertical variations of size fractionated chlorophyll a concentration (Chl-a) were investigated along coastal region off Kochi from May 2013 to April 2014 in order to understand the influence of environmental parameters on phytoplankton size distribution in coastal waters of South-eastern Arabian Sea. The study identified abundance of microphytoplankton around 10m depth, nanophytoplankton from surface to 5m depth and picophytoplankton in 10-20m water column. The results also showed that increased nitrate and phosphate concentration favoured nanophytoplankton growth and increased silicate concentration favoured the growth of microphytoplankton. Pre-showers and extended southwest monsoon along with variation in nutrient concentrations in the area during the study period significantly influenced the variation in size fractionated chlorophyll, absorption by phytoplankton and its numerical density. The results will provide an insight into the chemical factors that control the production cycle in this neritic system and can be used to improve the size fraction algorithms for various societal applications of remote sensing.