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- ItemIdentifying Training Needs of Farmers and Rural Youth of Nagaland State(Indian Society of Extension Education, 2021)Krishi Vigyan Kendras (KVKs) conduct a variety of trainings for the benefit of farmers and rural youth in each district of the country and it starts with identification of training needs, the most important step in organization of any training programme. The present study on training needs analysis of the farmers and rural youth was conducted by the ICAR-Agricultural Technology Application Research Institute, Umiam in collaboration with the KVKs in Nagaland State. Lists of 11 major components/ thematic areas were prepared. Under each major component, specific and relevant training need items were collected and systematically incorporated in the interview schedule and administered. The results revealed that even in the most popular areas of training, there was an inadequacy. Farmers sought maximum trainings on weed management in field crops followed by training on cropping system and integrated farming system. In area of soil health and fertility management, training on technologies for management of soil fertility followed by soil and water conservation techniques were in much demand. Cultivation of off season vegetables and canopy management topped the list under horticulture while training with respect to rearing of piggery was the most important one under animal sciences. The KVKs have to re-orient their trainings based on these findings to reduce the existing technological and adoption gap among the farmers in Nagaland.
- ItemFactors Influencing the Fish Consumption Preferences: Understandings from the tribes of Wayanad, Kerala(Indian Society of Extension Education, 2021)Fish consumption preferences vary with communities. The study aims to study the sociopersonal and fish consumption profile of the seven major tribes of Wayanad, Kerala. Species preferences, factors affecting the fish purchase and consumption, health profile and symptoms of tribes in relation with iron deficiency anaemia, association between fish consumption and health of tribes were investigated. Data were gathered through a questionnaire completed by 200 tribal households from different socioeconomic backgrounds. Results indicate that Sardine was the most consumed and preferred fish and percapita fish consumption of tribes was far below the state average. In conclusion, the price of fish ranked as the first and foremost important factor affecting the fish purchase and consumption of the tribes surveyed, and the fish consumption variables were highly associated with health values. Increasing awareness about the health benefits of fish consumption and building capacity of tribes to prepare fish-based products based on their taste and preferences can aid improved fish consumption among Wayanad tribes. Therefore, to establish and adopt fish consumption guidelines for the tribes of Wayanad, the factors mentioned in the study need to be integrated into the projects and policies.
- ItemAttitude of Stakeholders Towards IARI-Post Office Linkage Extension Model(Indian Society of Extension Education, 2021)Agricultural extension eventually evolves to cater a diverse need of a large number of farmers in India. Complementing and supplementing public extension system, IARI-Post Office Linkage Extension Model initiated as an alternate extension approach during 2009 in collaboration with KVKs for transfer of improved critical inputs (crop varieties) to the remote rural farmers. To capture the subjective pattern of preference towards the model and to express their qualitative preference in quantitative way attitude was measured towards the model. Out of the sample beneficiaries, most of the farmers of Sitapur (Mean Score = 4.17) and Buxar (Mean Score = 4.03) expressed favourable attitude towards seeds quality. Majority expressed favourable attitude towards seed sources credibility than other sources, interaction with fellow farmers, willingness to pay the seed and postage cost, and willingness for model continuity. Around one-tenth of farmers had neutral attitude as they were more cosmopolite having more exposure, contact with other extension agencies. Some beneficiaries expressed negative attitude due to less seeds availability, lack of clarity in regular seed supply to the same person by the model. There should be regular sensitization by ICAR-IARI, KVK to the Branch Post Masters and fellow farmers for understanding the concept of model and execution of the same to make it sustainable. Branch Post Masters and KVK scientists’ highly favourable attitude could further expand and replicate the model in different locations by different ICAR organizations.
- ItemHealth Benefits, Quality and Safety of Fish in Kerala: Consumer Perception and Implications for Extension System(Indian Society of Extension Education, 2021)Knowledge about consumer perceptions on health benefits, quality and safety of fish is important for the development of targeted government interventions. The study conducted between December 2018 and March, 2020 explored and identified differences among consumers in Kerala, India according to their perceptions of nutritional and health benefits, quality and safety associated with fish consumption. By adopting purposive random sampling method,400 fish consumers from 2 coastal districts (Ernakulam and Kozhikode) and 2 inland districts (Kottayam and Palakkad) of Kerala was surveyed. While consumers had strong perception about the nutritional benefits of fish consumption, lower awareness was reported on specific health benefits from eating fish. Consumers had a very strong perception that fish quality is influenced by the mode of transport and local fish is having better quality than the fish brought from other states. Cleanliness of market was another concern. More than half of the consumers expressed their concern about absence of certification system to convey the freshness of fish. Majority of the consumers were having a medium perception about safety of fish. Significant difference was observed within perceptional statements about safety of fish and case of underestimating significant risks while overestimating others was also observed. Re-directing Government efforts in supply chain management of fish and in ensuring quality and safety of fish in every stage of the chain emerged as key concerns.
- ItemSegmentation Analysis of Consumer Perception Towards Seaweed Incorporated Functional Foods — A case study of Kerala(CSIR-NIScPR, 2021-11)The influence of consumer perception on acceptability of new seaweed incorporated functional foods was studied by collecting responses from consumers across Kerala. The factors influencing consumers to try novel functional foods based on seaweed were identified through a survey of respondents frequenting popular shopping malls, super markets, discount stores and traditional retail shops in Ernakulam and Palakkad districts of Kerala. Respondents belonged to Low :<₹0.5 million (38%) , Medium : ₹0.5 million – ₹1 million (49%) and High : >₹1 million (13%) annual income groups. Factor analysis performed to examine the existence of relationship between study variables and consumer acceptance of new seaweed based functional foods indicated scores above 0.6 for each of dimensions tested. The study pointed out that marketing strategy should concentrate on consumer’s focus on health, purchase habits, interest in novel products and knowledge of functional foods in general and seaweed products in particular. Popularization efforts through exhibitions and news coverage will widen the consumer base for the seaweed products. Consumer segmentation performed using cluster analysis revealed that, although Kerala consumers were divided on the acceptance of seaweed products, they have exhibited perception of linking their diet with health which can be useful in promoting demand for these food products. Segmentation analysis underscores existence of consumer groups characterized by distinct outlook towards food products with seaweed as functional ingredients. The results of this study highlights that immense opportunities exists for establishment of seaweed based small scale food processing industry.