Peer Reviewed Journal Articles (National) (EIS))

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    Sampling of frozen prawns for bacteriological estimation
    (Society of Fisheries Technologists (India), Cochin, 1964) Iyer, H.K.; Kaimal, P.N.R.; Pillai, V.K.
    Experiments were conducted to study the significance of difference between samples taken from the surface and interior of a frozen shrimp block, as well as to determine the size of sample necessary to represent the whole block, with respect to bacterial count determination. The result showed that the surface samples did not differ significantly at 5% level of significance and that the minimum quantity representative of the block was (21-26) gms. in the case of a block weighing about 1300 gms. The procedure adopted for taking the bacterials count was the normal standard plate count method.
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    On the relative efficiency of different shaped otter boards
    (Society of fisheries Technologists (India), Cochin, 1967) Mukundan, M.; Sathyanarayana, A.V.V.; Iyer, H.K
    Rectang lar, Horizontal c rved and oval otter boards were tested under identical fishing conditions and their relative efficiency ascertained on the basis of towing tension and the horizontal opening of the hoards . While the tension in the warps with the different otter boards was not significant, the horizontal c rved board gave increased lateral spread to the net .
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    Comparative fishing ability and economic of mechanised trawlers operating along the kerala coast
    (Society of Fisheries Technologists (India), Cochin, 1968) Iyer, H.K.; Rajendran, R.; Choudhury, R.L.R.
    This study was undertaken with a view to finding out the comparative fishing ability and economic performance of different fishing vessel sizes 9.15 m (30'), 9.76 m (32') and 10 .97 m (36') designed by the Central Institute of Fisheries Technology and operating along the Kerala coast . Data were collected from selected vessels of these sizes for four consecutive fishing seasons from 1964-65 to 1967-68 . The catch f unit effort and total effort per year for the 10 .97 m (36') vessels were much better than those for the 9.76m (32') vessels . The yearly landings and the crew remuneration for the former were about twice those of the 9 .76 m (32') vessels. The economic efficiency of the 10 .97 m (36') vessels was also much better . The decline in landings per year in both size groups was more due to the reduction in the effort per year than the decline in catch I unit effort .
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    Experiments in constituting a taste panel for canned and frozen prawn products
    (1969) Krishna Iyer, H.; Chaudhuri, D. R.; Pillai, V. K.
    With a view to constituting a taste panel in the laboratory for detecting the flavour changes in canned and frozen prawn, three methods of panel selection viz; scalar scoring method, range and deviation method and triangular method were tried. Out of the three triangular method was found to be suitable for panel formation in canned and frozen prawn. Using this method a panel of six members was formed for detecting flavour changes in the two products.
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    Control charts: an application in shrimp canning
    (Society of fisheries Technologists (India), Cochin, 1971) Rao, K.K.
    A control chart is a statistical tool which can be employed to assess the situation at any given time in a process. A commonly used chart is the X-R chart and it can be applied for measurable characteristics of food processes such as appearance, size and chemical properties. In this article, the setting up of a variable control chart for the filling of cans in a shrimp canning factory is described. The chart consists of 2 parts, one (X) represents the average wt. of sampled cans and the other (R) the variability in the sample. The setting up of preliminary control limits and the maintenance procedure for the control chart are discussed in mathematical terms. Data on the filled wt. of shrimps are used to explain control chart calculations.
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    Control of drained weights in frozen prawns
    (Society of Fisheries Technologists(India),Cochin, 1971) Rao, K.K.
    In frozen prawns similar correlations are observed among the different variables which are of interest in controlling drained weight through adoption of SQC charts for grose weights,which does not involve destruction of the product. The present note deals with this aspect of frozen prawns.
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    A mechanised peeling table for prawn processing factories
    (Society of Fisheries Technologists (India), Cochin, India, 1971) Chakraborty, P.K.; Iyer, H.K.
    A prototype mechanised peeling table was designed and fabricated successfully.
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    Methods of sensory evaluation of quality and application of statistical methods in sensory evaluation problems with special reference to fishery products
    (Society of Fisheries Technologists(India),Cochin, 1972) Iyer, H.K.
    Sensory evaluation is still the most reliable method for evaluation of the freshness of raw and processed fishery products. The existing methods of sensory evaluation of quality and the use of statistical techniques need consideration in evaluating the quality of raw and processed fishery products.
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    Prices of indian frozen shrimp in US market- a note on seasonal variation
    (Society of Fisheries Technologists (India), Cochin, 1972) Rao, K.K.; Nair, R.G.
    The supply and consumption of shrimp follow a more or less regular seasonal pattern. The prices of shrimp in any particular market reflect this seasonal behaviour quite often. Like agricultural products, fishery products have also their period of heavy and less productions on which depend their price movements.
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    Indian frozen shrimp in USA - a study on movement of prices
    (1973) Krishna Rao, K.; Gopalakrishnan Nair, R.
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    A statistical study on weight loss in frozen prawns
    (Society of Fisheries Technologists (India), Cochin, 1976) Unnithan, G.R.; Iyer, H.K.; Rao, K.K.
    This paper deals with an extensive study conducted to estimate the extent of weight loss in frozen prawns. The weight loss varied from 7 to 12% in peeled and deveined (PD), 5 to 7% in headless (HL) and about 7% in cooked and peeled (CP) prawns from the date of processing to the date of inspection, normally within two weeks. To compensate the weight loss nearly 11% of excess material is being added with every frozen block resulting in an average annual loss of Rs. 2.68 crores in foreign exchange. The relevant data pertain to the period 1971 to 1973 and the annual average loss was estimated for ten years ending 1973.
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    Observations on the wastage of raw material and recovery of meat in the prawn processing industry
    (Society of Fisheries Technologists (India), Cochin, 1979) Nair, A.K.K.; Rao, P.S.; Unnithan, G.R.; Kaimal, P.N.R.
    The wastage of prawns (Penaeidae) due to spoilage in processing factories accounted for about 0-12% in 1974, 0-35% in 1975, 0-3% in 1976 and 0-4% in 1977. Spoilage increases with the time lag between catching and processing and is also due to defective icing. The paper discusses the counts of whole prawns required for obtaining meat of specified size grades.
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    Estimation of fish production from hirakud reservoir
    (Society of Fisheries Technologists(India),Cochin, 1981) Varghese, M.D.; Nair, A.K.K.; George, V.C.; Khan, A.A.
    A suitable procedure based broadly on stratified random sampling for estimation of fish production from Hirakud reservoir is described. The total fish production of the years 1978 and 1979 from Hirakud reservoir, along with seasonal variation of different species is discussed.
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    Survey on the idle capacity of fish processing (freezing) plants in India. 1 west coast
    (Society of Fisheries Technologists (India), Cochin, 1981) Iyer, H.K.; Rao, P.S.; Unnithan, G.R.; Nair, A.K.K.; Nair, R.G.
    The extent of idle capacity in fish processing (freezing) plants estimated by stratified random sampling is reported. The estimates for 1978 and 1979 for the processing plants on the west coast of India were 76.9% and 73.2% respectively at the rate of 250 working days per annum and two shifts per day. The percentage error of estimates worked out to 6.04 for 1978 and 6.98 for 1979. Substantial under utilization of processing plants noticed in all the states accounts mainly to the non-availability of raw material (prawn), high cost of production and shortage of power.
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    Investigations on the number of trials required for statistical comparison of fishing gears
    (Society of Fisheries Technologists(India),Cochin, 1982) Nair, A.K.K.
    The number of fishing trials required for comparing the efficiency of fishing gears was investigated. A unique solution to this problem did not appear to exist because of the heterogeneity of the experimental material. Sequential experimentation and analysis have been found to be a practical approach to this problem. By this, the experiment can be terminated utmost after 35 days' fishing for catches with standard error per unit as per cent of the mean about 30% or less (after logarithmic transformation). For data with mean catches less than 1.5 kg analysis of variance approach does not appear to be meaningful.
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    A programme to carry out analysis of variance -- two-way classification on micro 2200
    (Society of Fisheries Technologists (India), Cochin, 1983) Nair, A.K.K.
    A brief description is given of a program to carry out analysis of variance-2 way classification on MICRO 2200, for use in fishery dataprocessing.
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    On the problem of nonadditivity in two-way analysis of variance of data for comparing the efficiency of fishing gears
    (Society of Fisheries Technologists(India),Cochin, 1984) Nair, A.K.K.; Alagaraja, K.
    To bring out the relative efficiency of various types of fishing gears, in the analysis of catch data, a combination of Tukey's test, consequent transformation and graphical analysis for outlier elimination has been introduced, which can be advantageously used for applying ANOVA techniques, Application of these procedures to actual sets of data showed that nonadditivity in the data was caused by either the presence of outliers, or the absence of a suitable transformation or both. As a corollary, the concurrent model: X sub(ij) = mu + proportional to sub(i) + beta dj + lambda alpha sub(i) beta sub(j) + epsilon sub(ij) adequately fits the data.
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    Some further considerations in the development of an experimental design for sensory evaluation of fish quality
    (Society of fisheries Technologists (India), Cochin, 1984) Kaul, P.N.; Nair, A.K.K.
    An experimental procedure alongwith a method of analysis to judge the suitability of an individual to be included in a taste panel is described. The procedure is based on comparison of the organoleptic scores assigned by the individual to pairs of fish samples whose qualities are known and a set of physical measurements of the same samples. Fisher's Exact Probability Test provides a criterion for the judgement.
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    Discriminant analysis of selected variables in the adopition of fish curing
    (Society of Fisheries Technologists(India),Cochin, 1984) Balasubramaniam, S.; Kaul, P.N.
    Discriminant functions were worked out for adoption or non-adoption of five improved practices in fish curring. Four variables measured quantitatively formed the basis for discrimination. In four out of five equations, the selected variables were found to discriminate significantly between the adopters and non-adopters.
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    Economic analysis of 22m and 23m deep sea trawlers
    (Society of Fisheries Technologists(India),Cochin, 1985) Unnithan, G.R.; Iyer, H.K.; Rao, P.S.
    The cost-benefit analysis of 23m and 22m trawlers operated from Visakhapatnam base is presented. The study indicated that the deep-sea fishing in Indian waters is a profitable venture. The profit over capital investment for a 23m trawler worked out to about 18% whereas the same was about 10% for a 22m trawler. Catch per trawling operation, cost of production, productivity per man year, energy yield etc. establish the economic superiority of 23m vessel.