FT Vol.43(2)

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    Aqua Fanners Perceptions on Extension Services - A Paired Comparison Approach
    (Society of Fisheries Technologists (India)Cochin, 2006) Vimala, D.Deboral; Sarada, C; Krishnan, M
    Owing to the weak Research-Extension -Farmers linkage system, most of the technologies do not reach the farmers when they are in need. In this study extension services were categorized into five broad heads namely training programmes, communication support, extension programmes, method demonstration and technical assistance. An attempt has been made to study the farmer' s perception towards these extension services and prioritise these services. The psychological scale developed in this study indicated that communication support ranked first with a scale value of 0.647 followed by technical assistance (0.470), training programmes (0.182), extension programmes (0.026) and demonstrations (0). The order of priority of extension requirements was thus analysed that indicated that the farmers preferred good communication support and technical assistance. The transfer of technology can be made effective to the client system when it is need based.
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    Microbial quality of post-tsunami seafood of the Visakhapatnam coast
    (Society of Fisheries Technologis(India), 2006) Rao, B.M.; Gupta, S.S.; Surendran, P.K.
    Forty seafood samples comprising marine fish (28 spp), shrimp (4 spp) and squid (Isp) were collected from Visakhapatnam fishing harbour at regular intervals after the tsunami of 26th December 2004 and analyzed for microbiological and chemical quality. The microbiological and chemical quality of post-tsunami seafood was assessed and compared with pre-tsunami samples. The levels of total plate count (TPC), H2S producing bacteria, total volatile base nitrogen (TVBN) and peroxide value (PV) was within limits. With regard to indicator bacteria eoliforms, E.coli and coagulase positive Staphylococci the quality of post-tsunami seafood was poor, having levels higher than the maximum permissible limit in majority of the samples. Similar trend was noted in the pre-tsunami and post-tsunami seafood quality. Human pathogens, Salmonella and Vibrio cholerae were not detected in all the post-tsunami seafood samples. The results suggest that no major deviation in the seafood quality occurred during the post-tsunami period
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    Enterotoxigenicity of coagulase positive and negative staphylococcus species isolated from fish and fishery products
    (Society of Fisheries Technologists(India),Cochin, 2006) Sindhu, O.K.; Surendran, P.K.
    Seventy-five strains of coagulase positive and negative Staphylococcus species were isolated from different fish and shellfish products. These strains were investigated for enterotoxin production using Reverse Passive Latex Agglutination (RPLA) method. The different samples analysed include fresh, frozen and dried fish and shellfish, battered and breaded fish/shellfish products and fish kheema. Either one or a combination of three enterotoxins, viz., Staphylococcal Enterotoxin A, B, C (SEA, SEB, SEC) was produced by most of the strains but none were found to produce the enterotoxin SED. Out of the 75 isolates tested, 25 isolates were coagulase positive and all these strains were positive for thermonuclease activity. 76% of the coagulase positive strains were toxigenic Among these, enterotoxins SEA, SEB and SEC were produced by 26.31%, 52.63%, and 47.36% of the isolates respectively. None of the isolate produced SED. Multiple enterotoxin production was also observed. While 5.26% of the strains produced SEA & SEC, 15.78% of strains SEA & SEB and 5.26% of the strains produced SEB & SEC. None of the coagulase negative isolates produced enterotoxin.
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    Effect of Incorporation of Frozen Stored Minced Fish on the Quality of Gelatinized Product from Rice and Maize Flour
    (Society of Fisheries Technologists (India)Cochin, 2006) A, Jeyakumari; Rathnakumar, K
    Fishmince was prepared Using pink perch (Nemipterus japonicus) meat and frozen stored at -30°C. Mince was mixed with rice flour and maize flour at 5%, 10%, 20% and 30% level and gelatinized using twin screw extruder in the temperature rainge of 80,90,100 and llO" . Frozen stored mince wak drawn at 30 days interval upto 120 days and products were prepared. Gelatinized products were analysed for its chemical composition, biochemical, functional, organoleptical and microbiological status and the results are presented. From the results it is found that, gelatinized products prepared using minced meat stored at -SO'C for 120 days does not show any significant change in the over all quality for acceptance.
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    Studies on the Ice Storage Characteristics of Octopus, Octopus membranaceus (Quoy and Gaimard)
    (Society of Fisheries Technologists (India)Cochin, 2006) Venkatappa; Dhananjaya, S
    Quality changes in ice stored octopus (Octopus membranaceus) in different forms viz., whole octopus iced (WOI), dressed octopus iced (DOI) and dressed, packed in polythene bags & iced (DPI) were studied. During storage slight increase in moisture content was noticed in WOI and DOI samples, where as in DPI sample slight decrease was noticed. Crude protein decreased in all the samples. There was not much change in fat and ash content in any of the samples. Significant increase in TVB-N, TMA-N, PV and FFA were noticed in all the samples but the rate of change was more in DPI ch DOI samples. Initial total plate count of octopus was 4.2X104 which increased to 9.93xl05,6.50xl05 and 8.76xl05 cfu/g and Psychrophiles with initial count of 3.45xl03 cfu/g increased to 3.79xl04, l OxWand 2.20x10* in WOI, DOI and DPI samples respectively. There was decrease in nitrogenous compounds such as SSN, WSN and NPN in all the samples. It was found that the whole octopus ice stored was acceptable up to 15 days, where as DOI and DPI were acceptable up to 9 days, but DPI had little bit inferior quality than the DOI. Whole octopus iced showed significantly lower values of quality indices such as PV, FFA, TVB-N, TMA-N, TPC and psychrophilic count, indicating better quality than the DOI & DPI. Significant correlation was observed between changes in biochemical and sensory characteristics
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    Growth, Survival and Fecundity in Ornamental Fish, Betta splendens (Regan) as a Function of Stocking Density
    (Society of Fisheries Technologists (India)Cochin, 2006) James, R; Sampath, K
    Effects of stocking density (10,25,50,100 and 150 fish/501 ofwater) on growth, survival and fecundity were studied in Siamese fighting fish, Betta splendens. An increase in stocking density reduced the growth, survival and fecundity in B. splendens. A significant (P < 0.05) negative correlatibyi was obtained between density and feeding parameters or gonad weight or fecundity in B. splendens. Animals reared in higher densities elicited poor gonad development and it severely affected egg production and hatching. Accumulation of more ammonia and carbon dioxide and oxygen depletion with increase in stocking density could have reduced the feed consumption and growth which in turn affected the gonad development and fecundity in female B. splendens. However, fish reared in 10 and 25D groups could withstand ammonia stress of 1.01 mg l1 without any ill effect on survival, growth, gonad development and fecundity. Fish reared in 10 D group displayed better rates of feeding and growth at early rearing period than those in 25D group. However, fish reared in 25D group showed significantly higher growth rate (t=2.71; P<0.05) and growth efficiency (t=2.67; P<0.05) than fish reared in 10D group and also in higher density groups when fish attained sexual maturity on day 42. Although fish reared in 10D laid more eggs per female B. splendens than 25D group, the total number of egg production was higher in 25D than 10D group. The percentage of egg hatchability between 10D and 25D groups did not show significant (P<0.05) difference between them. Fish reared in 25D group exhibited 100% survival like 10 D group. Based on the survival, growth rate, total number of egg production, and egg hatching rate, fish reared in 25D group is economically better than 10 D or higher than 25D groups and hence 25 fish 50 11 water is considered as optimum density.
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    Seafood-borne bacterial pathogens
    (Society of Fisheries Technologists (India), Cochin, India, 2006) Lalitha, K.V.; Thampuran, N.
    The increasing demand for fish and fishery products and the development in international fish trade have raised major concern about the quality and safety of the products internationally traded. The safety of seafood products varies considerably and is influenced by a number of factors such as origin of fish, microbiological ecology of the product, handling and processing practices and preparations before consumption. Worldwide, food poisoning outbreaks have ic%rea sed continuously. Expansion of international trade, consumer demand for "lightly proces d" foods, mass production of foods, and changes in eating habits have all contributed to these food poisoning outbreaks. Seafood may be a vehicle for many bacterial pathogens. These seafood diseases caused by bacterial pathogens or their toxins, are associated with improper food preparation, handling and storage. This paper reviews the present scenario on occurrence of seafood borne pathogens in India and discusses in the light of international data.
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    An Analysis of the Linkages Between Fishermen and Extension Personnel in Marine Fisheries in Kerala
    (Society of Fisheries Technologists (India)Cochin, 2006) Immanuel, Sheela; Kanagasabapathy, K.; Balasubramaniam, S
    In marine fisheries the linkages between the fishermen and the extension system play an important role in technology transfer and its adoption. Research studies on linkages inmarine fisheries are very limited. So tbis study was taken up to find out the linkage activities through which both the systems are contacting each other. It was found that 60 % of the fishermen had medium level of linkage of with the extension personnel followed by low (21.33%) and high (19.34%) linkage level. The paper also highlights the frequency of linkage and the level of perception about linkages between the two systems. The paper implies that the linkage activities need to be enhanced so as to derive an overall development in the fisheries sector.
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    Storage Behaviour of Washed Mince from Pink Perch (Nemipterus japonicus) at -30oC
    (Society of Fisheries Technologists (India)Cochin, 2006) Jeyakumari, A; Rathnakumar, K; Velayutham, P
    The proximate composition of Pink perch (Nemipterus japonicus) used in the studywas recorded as protein, 16.22%; fat, 1.3% and ash, 1.7%. The yield of this fish after dressing ie., beheading and evisceration was 76%. The minced meat has a solubility of 91% and no TMA was recorded. Other physico-ejiemical properties also reflected its prime quality. The minced meat was frozen stored at -30oC. During storage up to 120 days ,slight pH increased up to 6%, a-amino nitrogen to 51% and TVB-N to 80%. However there was no significant change (P>0.05) in the FFA and PV during the storage period. Functional properties like solubility, viscosity, Ca2* ATfase activity did not vary significantly (P>0.05) with storage period indicating the quality of minced meat. The study indicateed that storage of minced meat of Pink perch (Nemipterus japonicus) at -30oC does not alter the'major protein fractions as indicated by the functional properties and gel forming ability. This was reflected in the over all acceptability of the cooked meat where, appearance and colour of meat did not vary significantly (P>0.05) with storage period
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    Use Of Fish Silage as an Alternate Protein Source for the Spawn Rearing of Cirrhinus mrigala (Ham.)
    (Society of Fisheries Technologists (India)Cochin, 2006) Ittoop, Gijo; Jose, Susheela; Nair, Dinesh K; CM; Joseph, Aneykutty
    An experiment was carried out to study the efficacy of fish silage as an alternate protein source for rearing the spawn of Cirrhinus mrigala. 3 days old mrigal spawn of a single batch of initial average weight 3.5 ± 0.1 mg and length 6 ± 0.14 mm were stocked at a stocking density of 2nos/L in fibre glass tanks. For the first three days feeding was done with mixed zooplankton. From the fourth day onwards, four different types of feed were given with 6 replicates each for 30 days. The feeds were as follows: Conventional feed (Powdered ground nut oil cake and rice bran in the ratio 1:1) (T,), formulated commercial feed (T2), Dried and powdered fish silage made from low quality trash fish (T,) and Fish silage powder and conventional feed in the ratio 1:1 (T4). After 30 days, it was found that the percentage weight gain (12138), Specific growth rate (15.69) and Net Biomass Index (407.7) of the fish spawn fed with fish silage and conventional feed in the ratio 1:1 were significantly higher compared to those fed either conventional or commercial feed. The survival was not significantly different in any of the treatments. The results show that fish silage can be used as an alternative cheap protein source for the spawn rearing of C. mrigala, thereby reducing the cost of spawn rearing to a great extent.
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    Life History traits of Silver Roughy Hoplostethus ntediterraneus (Cuvier) (Family: Trachichthydae) from the Continental Slope of South West Coast of India
    (Society of Fisheries Technologists (India)Cochin, 2006) Venu, S; Kurup, B. Madhusoodana
    Distribution, abundance, sex ratio, food and feeding, maturation and spawning and length-weight relationship of Hoplostethus mediterraneus (Cuvier) inhabiting the continental slope of south west coast of India were studied. The data for the present study was collected from the deep sea exploratory fishing surveys conducted onboard FORV Sagar Sampada in the Arabian sea between 7° N latitude and 14° N latitude during 1999 - 2002. H. mediterraneus was found to be distributed in the depth range 280 - 682m. Depth wise distribution was found beyond 300m and at 8° to 10° N, it was found only in the depth zone 301 - 400m. While at 11° to 13° N, its occurrence was registered only beyond 400m. It showed a wider bathymetrical distribution (300 - 682m) in the latitude 10° -110 N. Length related chi square analysis of sex ratio in H. mediterraneus revealed that males skewed in all length groups as well as in all seasons. Spawning season of H. mediterraneus coincided with pre-monsoon and monsoon seasons. Feeding intensity was found to be very less and found to be feeding on myctophids, Aristeus spp., Heterocarpus spp., squids etc. LWR obtained for the depth zones 301 - 400 m and 401-500 m are Log W = -1.06 + 2.3 Log L and Log W = -0.88 + 2.12 Log L respectively.