2017

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    Antibiotic resistance of Escherichia coli isolated from seafood of Veraval, Gujarat to third generation cephalosporins
    (Society of Fishery Technologists (India), 2017) Sivaraman, G.K.; Jha, A.K.; Remya, S.; Renuka, V.; Lalitha, K.V.; Ravishankar, C.N.
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    Antioxidative effect of pineapple peel extracts in refrigerated storage of Indian Mackerel
    (Society of Fisheries Technologist(India), 2017) Uchoi, D.; Raju, C.V.; Lakshmisha, I.P.; Singh, R.R.; Elavarasan, K.
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    Assessment of Socio-economic status of Fishers across Different Sectors in Tamil Nadu
    (2017) Salim, Shyam S.; Narayanakumar, R; Sathiadhas, R; Antony, Bindu; Manjusha, U
    The study found that the measures for improving literacy and health facilities created a positiveimpact on the livelihoods of the fisher community. The education and health standards are comparable with any other sector in the state providing ample opportunities for the upliftment of the fishers in the future. Over the years, due to the seasonality of the fishing operations and higher gestation period in culture sector, the fishers often diversified their income sources which include business, agriculture, labour, services and others. However due to increasing expenditure on account of maintaining the living standard, they are still engulfed in the vicious circle of poverty due to increased debt and lack of savings. Hence, appropriate measures need to be initiated to develop alternative avocations to improve income and standard of living.
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    Biochemical Changes During Salt Fermentation of Pangasius hypophthalmus (Sauvage, 1878)
    (Society of Fisheries Technologists (India),COCHIN, 2017) Praveen Kumar, G; Balange, A.K; Martin Xavier, K.A; Nayak, B.B; Sanath Kumar, H
    The suitability of Pangasius hypophthalmus as a raw material for salt fermentation and changes during 135 days was analysed. Pangasius steaks were fermented in food grade PVC jar and biochemical parameters such as pH, salt, thiobarbutric acid reactive substances (TBARS), free α-amino nitrogen (FAN), moisture and ash content were analysed. The moisture content of Pangasius had shown a slight increase during fermentation from 54.9% (0th day) to 56.67 (135th day). Ash content recorded an increase from 11.98% on 1st day to 18.17% (135th day). Salt content of Pangasius steaks has increased significantly (p 0.5) during fermentation. TBARS content recorded an increase till 75th day and decreased continuously till maturation. The FAN registered an increase from 44.71 mg% (0th day) to 92.86 mg% (135th day).The moisture, pH, ash, salt, TBARS, FAN in the final matured fermented product were 56.67%, 5.93%, 18.17%, 14.43% and 0.21 mg malonaldehyde kg-1 of fat and 92.86 mg% respectively. Therefore, it was concluded that Pangasius developed a firm consistency and characteristic flavour and taste over 135 days of maturation.
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    Biochemical, microbial and sensory changes of Bombay duck (Harpodon nehereus) fish fingers during chilled storage
    (Society of Fishery Technologists (India), 2017) Jeyakumari, A.; Murthy, L.N.; Visnuvinayagam, S.
    Bombay duck (Harpodon nehereus) is one of the important fishery species along Gujarat and Maharashtra coasts. Due to a very high moisture content (90%), it is unsuitable to use either in fresh or in frozen form and almost entire catch is consumed in sundried form. This study is aimed to explore the possibilities of better utilization of this species by development of battered and breaded fish fingers. Fish fingers were prepared from Bombay duck fillet and their qualities were evaluated under chilled storage up to 21 days. Fish fingers had 52.43% moisture, 12.25% protein, 10.17% fat, 2.03% ash and 23.12% carbohydrate. Results showed increasing trend in pH, TVB-N, FFA, PV and TBA values (p<0.05) during storage. Microbiological analysis revealed that total plate count of fish fingers was within the acceptable limit (1.29 x 104 cfu g-1 on 21st day) throughout the storage period. Sensory evaluation showed decrease in overall acceptability of fish finger during chilled storage. Results indicate that fish fingers from Bombay duck can be stored for 15 days in 4°C without change in sensory quality.
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    Biochemical, sensory and textural quality of whole and gutted cultured milkfish (Chanos chanos) stored in ice
    (Society of Fishery Technologists (India), 2017) Murthy, L.N.; Padiyar, P.A.; Rao, B.M.; Asha, K.K.; Jesmi, D.; Phadke, G.G.; Prasad, M.M.; Ravishankar, C.N.
    Icing and ice storage of fish is widely used for transportation and marketing of fish. This paper reports on the biochemical, sensory and textural quality changes in ice stored whole and gutted cultured milkfish (Chanos chanos). Moisture content decreased and fat content increased with storage period in whole fish but it was reverse in gutted fish during the ice storage. Biochemical quality parameters showed an increasing trend during iced storage but increase was greater in gutted fish compared to whole fish. Overall acceptability of whole and gutted milkfish decreased significantly over the storage (p<0.05). Textural quality showed deterioration with progressive storage period.
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    Carcass Characteristics of Farmed Medium Carp Hypselobarbus pulchellus (Day, 1878)
    (Society of Fisheries Technologists (India), 2017) Raghunath, M. R; Sridhar, N; Hemaprasanth, K; Gangadhar, B; Ananda Kumar, B.S; Rajesh, N; Umalata, H; Hegde, G; Jayasankar, P
    The carcass quality traits of an endemic carp, Hypselobarbus pulchellus, were assessed to determine its flesh yield and quality. Fish were stocked at 5000 no. ha-1 in 0.1 ha earthen composite aquaculture ponds with a mean temperature of 24.6°C and given supplementary feed once daily. Fish weighing between 1.8-2.5 kg were assessed for carcass and offal yields as well as carcass cutability, organoleptic evaluation and proximate composition. Dressed fish (n=10) were cut at three median places to yield head, first, second and third body sections. The fish had a length of 48.2±6.4 cm and weight of 2.1±0.71 kg with a condition factor (K) of 3.5±0.7. The second body section (BS) of the fish had the maximum girth, area and weight followed by first and third body sections. The girth, area and weight of the three BS were linearly proportional to the weight of the fish but not to its length. The variations in the characteristics were also higher in the bigger sections. The three body sections constituted 64% of the weight of fish, while the offal and head comprised 26 and 10% respectively. Mean yield on dressing of fish was 70% with a meat: bone ratio of 3.27. There were no differences between the first, second and third body sections in their proximate composition. Brine cooked sections evaluated by a panel were not significantly different in taste. The fish had a proximate composition of 73.2±0.7% moisture, 23±0.6% protein, 5.3±1.6% fat and 1.4±0.2% ash.
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    A Case Study on the Non-price Factors and Consumer Behaviour for Pangasius (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus) (Valenciennes, 1840) Consumption in Pune City, India
    (Society of Fisheries Technologists (India),COCHIN, 2017) Mugaonkar, P; Kumar, N.R; Shelar, Gauri; Polanco, J.F; Ramsubramanian, V; Biradar, R.S
    The consumption and preferences of Pangasius and the constraints in the same have been investigated among consumers in Pune city, Maharashtra, India. Though 85.83% of respondents were aware about the Pangasius as new catfish available for consumption, only 38.33% of them consumed it. Consumers quoted ‘oiliness’ (high fat content) of Pangasius as the prime reason for non-consumption. Only 37.5% of consumers were willing to try processed Pangasius. The consumers of “low income” and “high income” group showed significant difference in their expenditure on Pangasius. “Low income” group consumers spent more on Pangasius compared to “High income” group. Consumption of Pangasius can be improved by improving its quality and creating awareness on perceived health hazards. Different cooking methods or use of Pangasius as raw material for other products may solve the problem of ‘oiliness’ and may become popular among high income group consumers.
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    Collagen Biosynthesis in Osteoblast Cells Treated with Fish Collagen Peptides
    (Society of Fisheries Technologists (India),COCHIN, 2017) Hema, G.S; Shyni, K; Prasad, M. Manu; Ninan, George; Mathew, Suseela
    Collagen is one of the most widely used biomaterials in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. To investigate the effect of fish collagen peptides on the formation of collagen proteins by mature osteoblast cells, human osteoblast cells were treated with collagen peptide in both time and dose dependent manner. The stimulatory effect of collagen peptide was confirmed by western blot and immunocytochemistry analysis. The results clearly indicate that the presence of fish collagen peptides led to a dose dependent increase in collagen synthesis by osteoblast cells upto a concentration of 0.6 mg ml-1. However native collagen or collagen free protein hydrolysate failed to stimulate the production of collagen in osteoblast cells. The results show a stimulatory effect of fish collagen peptides on the collagen biosynthesis in osteoblast cells and suggest a possible mechanism for the regulation of collagen turnover in joint tissues.
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    Collagen hydrogel as bio interactive dressing for wound healing
    (Society of Fishery Technologists (India), 2017) Hema, G.S.; Ganesan, B.; Shyni, K.; Joshy, C.G.; Ninan, G.; Mathew, S.
    In the present study, wound healing efficacy of the hydrogel prepared from fish skin collagen was evaluated in experimental full thickness wounds using albino rat model. The study demonstrated that within 2 weeks, the wound covered with gel were completely filled with new epithelium without any significant adverse reactions. The results clearly suggest that the hydrogel enhances re-epithelialization rather than a repair which was clear from the histopathology and biochemical analysis. There is significant increase in angiogenesis, collagen deposition, hexosamine content, epithelialization and wound contraction in hydrogel treated rats without inflammatory cells compared to the control group, indicating the tissue regeneration potential of fish collagen.
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    Confirmation of ciguatoxin fish poisoning in red snapper, Lutjanus bohar (Forsskål, 1775) by mouse bioassay
    (Society of Fishery Technologists (India), 2017) Rajisha, K.; Kishore, P.; Panda, S.K.; Ravishankar, C.N.; Kumar, K.A.
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    Depredation and catch loss due to the interaction of aquatic organisms with ring seines off Cochin Region
    (Society of Fisheries Technologist(India), 2017) Raphael, L.; Joseph, R.; Edwin, L.
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    Design, Development and Performance Evaluation of Fish Descaling Machine
    (Society of Fisheries Technologists (India),COCHIN, 2017) Gaikwad, Nilesh N.; Ahmad, Tanbir; Yenge, Govind B.; Singh, Ajeet
    In fish post-harvest processing, one of the unit operations involved is removal of fish scales which is traditionally carried out by knife. The process is time consuming and cumbersome. This may also lead to injury to the person descaling the fishes. In this context, a hand held fish descaling machine has been designed and developed to increase the speed of descaling process, reduce the drudgery and improve the safety of operation. The fish descaling machine has important components such as descaling head, flexible shaft, safety shield, 1 hp motor, AC drive and a stand for fixing motor and A.C. drive. Four different types of innovative designs of descaling heads namely, diamond shaped, inverted V shaped, 13 slots and 26 slots were tested at different speeds for the capacity, efficiency, energy consumption and injuries inflicted. Performance of the machine was tested for two fish species using four descaling heads at 1440, 2000 and 2800 rpm. The diamond shaped descaling head with its unique design showed maximum descaling rate at 2800 rpm. The fish descaling machine reduced drudgery in descaling operation and also reduced the time required in descaling from 120 to 40 s for average 500 g fish vis a vis traditional hand tool in practice. There were no incidence of injuries reported to person descaling the fishes and also no skin damages to fishes while descaling. Average energy requirement was 0.25 kwh for the machine and an unskilled labour was required for operation. The machine is suitable for descaling of catla and silver carp fish species.
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    Determination of LC50 of Copper in Cirrhinus mrigala (Hamilton, 1822) and Ctenopharyngodon idella (Steindachner, 1866)
    (Society of Fisheries Technologists (India),COCHIN, 2017) Mamatha, C; Rao, L.M; Chakravarty, M.S
    Static bioassays were conducted on Cirrhinus mrigala (8±0.5g) and Ctenopharyngodon idella (8.5±1g) fingerlings, to determine the acute toxicity of copper. The experiments were designed as three replicates with five exposure groups arranged exponentially( 0.25, 0.75, 1.62, 3.25 and 6.62 mgl-1) for C. mrigala and five concentrations (0.5, 0.75, 1.62, 2.5 and 3.25 mgl-1) for C. idella, besides the controls. Each exposure group comprised of 10 fish each. The median lethal concentration (96-h LC50) of copper was determined as 0.74 mgl-1 Cu for C. mrigala and 3.07 mgl-1 Cu for C. idella respectively. Copper proved to be more toxic to C. mrigala than C. idella. The mortality rates increased with increasing copper concentrations, in both species
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    Development and characterization of embryonic stemlike cell culture from Carassius auratas (Linnaeus, 1758)
    (Society of Fishery Technologists (India), 2017) Kumar, A.; Kanyal, P.; Badekar, M.K.; Kumar, A.P.; Sushila, N.; Tripathi, G.
    Embryonic stem cells are pluripotent cells, capable of differentiating into various cell types. In the present study, feeder cell-free culture of midblastula embryos of the Goldfish (Carassius auratus) was carried out. Embryonic stem cells were derived from mid-blastula stage embryos using pronase to release the inner cell mass (ICM). The cells were cultured in Leibovitz-15 medium on gelatin-coated cell culture well plates supplemented with 15% fetal bovine serum, 1% goldfish serum, basic fibroblast growth factor and leukaemia inhibitory factors (LIF) and were incubated at 28°C. The ES-like cells were characterized by their unique round and polygonal morphology, elevated activity of alkaline phosphatase, spherical three-dimensional embryoid body formation, chromosomal diploid number (2n=50). The expression of Oct4, a member Oct family of POU transcription factors, which play a key role in regulating stem cell pluripotency and differentiation, was used for characterization of undifferentiated pluripotent ES cells. The expression of Oct4 in embryonic stem-like cell (2nd passage) and gonads of goldfish was studied by RT- PCR. Embryonic stem-like cells culture from the mid blastula embryo of C. auratus would be a useful tool for cellular development and differentiation studies.
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    Differential Training Needs of Fishery Demonstrators in the State of Assam, India
    (Society of Fisheries Technologists (India),cochin, 2017) Sharma, D. J.; Dana, S. S.; Ghosh, Amitava
    Training has been playing a pivotal role in organizational and human resource development. Personnel in the Dept. of Fisheries should be imparted with in-service training on different technological and scientific aspects of fisheries, otherwise, they will soon be working far below to their potential capacity. Moreover, the findings in this regards will enable them for improving the organizational productivity and more efficient mode of technology transfer to the fish farmers. In-service training programmes on different aspects of inland fish farming should be conducted in a regular and phased manner so as to facilitate the continuous updating of knowledge and ultimately improve the fish production with state. Unbiased selection of trainees as per the organizational, professional requirements and socio-personal suitability should be followed for the selection of the candidates
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    Digestibility of Dry Matter and Nutrients from Azolla pinnata by Labeo calbasu (Hamilton, 1822) with a Note on Digestive Enzyme Activity
    (Society of Fisheries Technologists (India),cochin, 2017) Gangadhar, B; Umalatha, H.; Hegde, G; Sridhar, N
    Digestibility of feed ingredients in the compounded diet is an important factor affecting the growth of fish. A study was conducted in indoor plastic tubs to estimate the in vivo digestibility of dry matter and nutrients by a minor carp Labeo calbasu for a nonconventional feed ingredient – azolla, incorporated at levels ranging from 0-40% using crude fibre as the marker. The activities of major digestive enzymes were also estimated in the gut of fish fed varied levels of azolla. The digestibility values were the highest (p<0.05) at 10% azolla inclusion level. While the total dry matter digestibility and fat digestibility values of control diet were comparable with that of azolla diets up to 30% incorporation, with a decline thereafter; protein and NFE digestibilities were comparable up to 40% incorporation. Activities of majority of digestive enzymes were the highest (p<0.05) at 10% azolla incorporation level showing a decreasing trend at still higher levels. The study reveals the usefulness of azolla for inclusion in calbasu diets. Azolla can be used up to 30% without affecting the digestibility.
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    Digitization of Inland Water Resources for Fisheries through Remote Sensing and Geographical Information System - A Study in Ratnagiri District
    (Society of Fisheries Technologists (India),cochin, 2017) Lokhande, P.C; Shirdhankar, M.M; Chaudhari, K.J; Sawant, M. S.
    Natural inland aquatic resources such as rivers, creeks, mangroves as well as manmade resources such as reservoirs, shrimp farms and shrimp hatcheries of Ratnagiri district were mapped using Remote Sensing and Geographical Information System (GIS). IRS P6 LISS III images were used for mapping. A total of 10 rivers, 24 creeks and 2435.16 ha of mangrove area were identified and mapped. There are 65 reservoirs, 40 shrimp farms and 2 hatcheries in the district. Digital maps of each resource with details were incorporated using GIS techniques. IRS P6 LISS III images with 23 m resolution can be processed after enhancing resolution to 15 m by merging with Landset ETM+ image to map inland fisheries resources through Geographical Information System.
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    Digitization of Inland Water Resources for Fisheries through Remote Sensing and Geographical Information System - A Study in Ratnagiri District
    (2017) Kumari, Shweta; Sharma, Arpita; Ghosh, Amitava; Chaturvedi, C.S
    Fisheries is one of the primary source of livelihood in Chhattisgarh and a number of community ponds have come up or have been revived under Government’s promotional programmes with fishing rights given to co-operative groups or to local SHGs. As per Jila Panchayat office, 115 SHGs are involved in fisheries related activities in Raipur. However, there is little information available regarding these SHGs. So a study was carried out to document fisheries activities undertaken by SHGs and to assess their performance in the 4 blocks of Raipur. Out of 115 SHGs, information was collected from 10 SHGs from each block making a total of 40 SHGs. Performance of SHGs was assessed using NABARD checklist which consists of 16 parameters. SHGs are rated as very good (score: 3), good (score: 2) and unsatisfactory (score: 1) based on scores on these 16 parameters. It was found that SHGs have perennial ponds taken on lease. Women were involved in i.e., seed stocking, fish harvesting and selling. Composite fish culture with Indian Major Carps and exotic carp was practiced. None of the SHG had very good performance. It was found that SHGs were formed in different plan periods. ANOVA with one way classification was done to test the difference in these SHGs with reference to performance score and found that there is no significant difference. Average performance score was 2.17 ± 0.18 which suggests good performance. Parameters where score was less were number of meetings, timings of meetings, savings collection within group and loan recoveries. Interventions are required at a large scale so as to educate and counsel the SHGs to improve their performance scores
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    Does Rohu (Labeo rohita) (F. Hamilton, 1822) have different forms of Immunoglobulins?
    (Society of Fisheries Technologists (India),COCHIN, 2017) Suresh Babu, P.P; Shankar, K.M; Honnananda, B.R; Abhiman, P.B
    Characterisation of immunoglobulin (Ig) is an essential prerequisite for development of anti- fish Ig antibody. There are number of reports describing the characteristics of rohu Ig which state the existence of different forms of antibodies in rohu. The present review is an attempt to compile these reports for analyzing the probable reason for the existence of such forms and the possible future research requirements for confirming the same.