Peer Reviewed Journal Articles (National) (B&N)

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    ANALGESIC AND ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITIES OF LIVER OILS OF FOUR SHARK SPECIES FROM INDIAN EEZ
    (WILEY, 2008) MATHEW, MATHEN; MATHEW, SUSEELA; NAIR ASHOK KUMAR, KESAVAN; ANANDAN, RANGASAMY
    The analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties of liver oils of four different sharks, namely Neohariotta raleighana, Centrosymnus crepidater, Apristurus indicus and Centrophorus scalpratus, captured from the Arabian Sea and the Indian Ocean were evaluated. While the analgesic property was determined using the acetic acid-induced mouse writhings and hot-plate reaction time, the anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated using the formalin-induced rat-paw edema. The oils examined were found to possess significant (P < 0.05) analgesic activity against acetic acid-induced writhings and hot-plate reaction in mice. In the formalin-induced edema, a significant (P < 0.05) inhibition of inflammation was observed between the 2nd and 4th hour showing 58–65% inhibition. These results suggest that liver oils of sharks from Indian waters are effective as analgesic and anti-inflammatory agents. The role of lipid components (squalene, alkylglycerols and polyunsaturated fatty acids) on anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive properties is highlighted. Inhibition of the synthesis of prostaglandins and other inflammatory mediators which probably account for the properties is discussed.
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    Anti-viral properties of carrageenan, a sulphated polysaccharide derived from marine red algae against Covid 19 (SARS-CoV-2) infection- Future prospective
    (IJSEAS, 2021) P, Amruth; P., Akshay; Jacob M., Rosemol; Anandan, R.; Mathew, Suseela
    The novel coronavirus (nCoV) disease COVID-19, triggered by SARS-CoV-2 is a major threat caused to the public health in the 21th century. Combating the same is a herculean challenge for the scientific world. This is represented as the third corona virus outbreak in preceding 20 years, followed by SARS (2002- 2003) and MERS (2012). However, there is no clinically effective drugs against COVID-19 virus infection. For International medical community, development of effective drugs to avoid and cure a viral attack is an urgent requisite during this time. As a consequence, we have piloted an organised review presenting the anti-viral prospective of carrageenan, a sulphated galactan derived from red seaweed. Sulphated polysaccharides are demonstrated as potential antiviral that can intrude the initial stages of viral infections, have wide prospects in anti-corona virus applications. Carrageenan and its oligosaccharides are well reported for its anti-viral properties; chiefly via the obstruction of the attachment stage of virus. The current review presents the survey of antiviral prospective of carrageenan and aims to provide new approach to researchers for exploring seaweed polysaccharides to develop effective therapy against strains of SARS-CoV-2 virus.
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    Antioxidant, functional properties and amino acid composition of pepsin-derived protein hydrolysates from whole tilapia waste as influenced by pre-processing ice storage
    (2017) Tejpal, C.S.; Vijayagopal, P.; Elavarasan, K.; Linga Prabhu, D.; Lekshmi, R.G.K.; Asha, K.K.; Anandan, R.; Chatterjee, N.S.; Mathew, S.
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    Aquaceuticals for developing high value noble foods and dietary supplements
    (2017) Suseela Mathew; Tejpal, C.S.; Lekshmi, R.G.K.; Zynudheen, A.A.; Ravishankar, C.N.
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    Assessment of Efficiency of an Indigenous Liquid Smoke for masmin Production
    (Society of Fisheries Technologists(India), 2016) Nithin, C.T.; Yathavamoorthi, R.; Niladhri, S.C.; Ananthanarayanan, T.R.; Suseela, M.; Bindu, J.; Gopal, T.K.S.
    The aim of this study was to develop a methodology for the production of liquid smoke from coconut husk and to evaluate efficiency of the same in masmin production. The developed method can produce 1.5 l of liquid smoke per hour. It had total phenolic content of 1348 ppm and carbonyl content of 38.03 mg ml-1. Titratable acidity and pH were found to be 1.88% by weight of acetic acid and 4.34, respectively. Total PAH content in the liquid smoke was found to be 0.79 ppb of which phenanthrene was found in highest level (0.54 ppb). Benzo[a]pyrene was not detected. The developed liquid smoke was found to be compliant with current regulatory limits in terms of PAH. It was observed that soaking of cooked skipjack tuna loins in liquid smoke added with 5% salt, for a duration of 30 min produced masmin with similar flavour of traditional masmin.
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    Behaviour of mrigal (Cirrhinus mrigala) meat components during the washing process in the preparation of surimi
    (Society of Fisheries Technologists(India), 2002) Sankar, T.V.; Ramachandran, A.
    To elucidate the effect of washing, on flesh components, mrigal flesh was washed through one, two and three washing cycles. Washing resulted in absorption of water (1-3%) and loss of fat (49%). 35% loss of soluble protein (SP) was noticed in the first washing itself and the loss is almost equally shared by the sarcoplasmic (18% of SP) and the myofibrillar proteins (17% of SP). The subsequent washings removed small portions of water-soluble sarcoplasmic proteins resulting in the concentration of myofibrillar proteins. 73% of the soluble protein was retained in the flesh after three washing cycles. The protein had undergone marginal conformational changes as reflected by the decrease in the actomyosin Ca super(2+) ATPase activity The rheological properties of the washed flesh were, however, significantly better than that of the unwashed mince.
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    Beverage preparation from fish hydrolysates
    (Society of Fisheries Technologiste (India), 1975) Prabhu, P.V.; Radhakrishnan, A.G.; Arul James, M.
    A method for the preparation of energy food incorporating fish hydrolysates, sugar, cocoa, malt extract etc. is described. The product has good consumer appeal. The preparation does not impart any bitter hydrolysate. It freely mixes with hot or cold milk and the resulting drink is adjudged to be very palatable.
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    Biochemical alterations in rohu, labeo rohita (Hamilton, 1882) exposed to organophosphorus insecticides, methylparathion
    (2013) Sivaperumal, P.; Sankar, T.V.
    The effect of exposure to sublethal concentrations of methylparathion on enzyme activities in the liver of rohu, Labeo rohita, was studied during 96 h exposure. Alterations were observed in alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and acid phosphatase (ACP) ) activities in the liver of L. rohita, of mean size 75 ± 6 g. ALP and ASP activity levels in methylparathion treated fishes were significantly (p<0.05) higher than the control fishes. The LDH activity in the liver of L. rohita after methylparathion exposure was two-fold higher (p<0.05) when compared to control. These results revealed that methylparathion affects the intermediary metabolism of L. rohita and that the assayed enzymes can work as good biomarkers of methylparathion contamination.
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    Biochemical and microbiological characteristics of salt fermented Hilsa (Tenualosa ilisha)
    (Society of Fisheries Technologists (India), 2005) Majumdar, R.K.; Basu, S.; Anandan, R.
    Lona ilish is a salt fermented product from Hilsa is very popular in Bangladesh and norteastern part of India due to its typical flavour and aroma. Biochemical composition including amino acid profile of both raw hisa fish lona ilish has been studied. A significant variation was observed in amino acid profile of the product as compared to the raw fish. Bacterial flora of the fermented product comprised of Micrococcus and Bacillus species.
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    Biochemical and microbiological evaluation of tuna Loin processing waste
    (Society of Fisheries Technologists (India), Cochin, 2012) Murthy, L.N.; Rao, B.M.; Prasad, M.M.
    The study conducted on the yellow fin tuna loin processing showed a sizeable portion as waste in the form of belly flap, off cut meat, off cut mince from the bone, meat mince, blood meat, head, gut, tail, skin and bone. Analysis of proximate composition of processing waste showed protein content ranging between 18.72 and 23.95%. The fat content was highest in belly flap (7.52%) and lowest in head meat (0.23%). The appreciable amounts of protein (18.73 to 23.95%) and low fat content (0.23 to 1.92%) of off-cut mince, bone meat, head meat and blood meat make them suitable for value addition if other quality parameters are within the acceptable level. Microbiological quality of the tuna processing waste was found acceptable whereas histamine content was on the higher side. Implementation of Good Management Practices (GMP) and Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point (HACCP) system right from capture to processing would facilitate effective utilization of tuna processing waste for value addition.
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    Biochemical changes in fish feeds and ingredients during storage
    (Society of Fisheries Techonologists (India), 2004) Kavitha, O.; Anandan, R.; Mathew, S.; Nair, P.G.V.
    The changes in major biochemical components of three fish feeds (1000 Grower 15+, 3000 Grower and 6000 Grower A) and three feed ingredients (Indian fish meal, Danish fish meal and wheat flour) during storage for six months are reported. There was no significant change in total protein content either in fish feeds or their ingredients during the storage period. But a significant reduction in crude fat content was noticed in both feeds and ingredients upon storage. Histamine content! of feeds and their ingredients was found to be increasing till the fourth month of storage. Significant decline in the levels of various amino acids was also observed. Unsaturated fatty acids and most of the saturated fatty acids decreased in stored ingredients. But in feeds only a marginal decrease in the levels of unsaturated fatty acids was observed. The results indicate that storage considerably reduces the nutritive value of the feeds and at the same time produces toxic compounds such as biogenic amines.
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    Biochemical changes of fish fingers held at frozen storage
    (society of fisheries technologists (india), 1982) Nair, P.R.; Thankamma, R.; Gopakumar, K.
    The frozen storage characteristics of fish fingers made out of two different species (Carangidae), differing in lipid content for a period of six months are outlined. The study reveals that the lipid content of the fish meat used for making fish fingers influences the storage pattern in terms of the chemical parameters like peroxide value, thiobarbituric acid value and free fatty acids. The introduction of monosodium glutamate has improved the flavour of the fish fingers. Further, the application of batter on the fish fingers imparted some protective effect in the case of semi-fatty fish
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    Biochemical Composition and Heavy Metal Content of Selected Marine Fish from the Gulf of Mannar, India
    (Central Institute of Fisheries Technology, Cochin, India, 2015) Ajeeshkumar, K.K.; Visnu, K.V.; Remyakumari, K.R.; Navaneethan, R.; Asha, K.K.; Ganesan, B.; Chatterjee, N.S.; Anandan, R.; Suseela Mathew
    Biochemical composition of five marine fish; grey bamboo shark, yellow margin trigger fish, paleedged stingray, laced moray and Japanese leatherjacket fish from the Gulf of Mannar, India were evaluated. Moisture, protein, lipid and ash content for the samples ranged between 75.07-76.74, 17.99-20.97, 1-3.5 and 1.46-1.93% respectively. Profiles of heavy metal, fatty acid and amino acid data were also collected. The predominant fatty acids recorded in all five species were docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), arachidonic acid (AA) and palmitic acid. All five species contain high content of different essential and non-essential amino acids namely glutamic acid, aspartic acid, arginine, serine and lysine. Significant amount of iron (13-50 ppm), zinc (2.5-10.5 ppm) and copper (0.18-4.03 ppm) were found in all the fishes. Among heavy metals, cadmium (0.05-0.1 ppm) was detected which is below permissible limit.
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    Biochemical composition and nutritive value of common fish feed ingredients of plant and animal origin
    (Society of Fisheries Technologists (India), 2003) Kavitha, O.; Anandan, R.; Mathew, S.; Nair, P.G.V.
    Formulated fish feed has a very important role in the field of intensive fish farming. Therefore it is essential to assess biochemical and nutritional composition of the ingredients used in the manufacture of the feed to formulate a feed according to the nutritional requirements of fish. In the present study, an attempt has been made to analyze the biochemical composition of some of the common feed ingredients, of both plant origin (Commercial wheat flour, Wheat gluten, Wheat bran, Commercial maida, Commercial atta, Maize, Maize bran, Soya flour and Rice flour) and animal origin (Indian fish meal, Danish fish meal, Peruvian fish meal and Shrimp head meal). A greater amount of variation was observed in the moisture content among ingredients ranging from 4.8-12.8%. The total protein content except in the case of wheat gluten ,and soya flour was lower in ingredients from plant sources. The essential amino acid composition was also found to be lower in proteins of plant origin when compared to that of animal proteins. The fatty acid analysis of the feed ingredients showed that the n-3 fatty acids were present in higher concentration in all fishmeals and shrimp head meal as compared to ingredients of plant origin. C sub(16:0), C sub(18:0) and C sub(18:2) were the major fatty acids present in the lipids of the ingredients of plant origin, accounting for more than 80%. In the present study, the notable difference was observed between ingredients of plant and animal origin with respect to the proportion of essential amino acids and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (C sub(20:5) and C sub(22:6)) indicating that ingredients of animal origin were superior in nutritional composition as compared to the ingredients derived from plants.
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    Biochemical composition and nutritive value of common fish feeds available in cochin area
    (Society of Fisheries Technologists(India),Cochin, 2003) Kavitha, O.; Anandan, R.; Mathew, S.; Nair, P.G.V.
    The biochemical composition of some of the feeds used in aquaculture is reported. Four grower feeds and 19 other locally available feeds were used for the study. Moisture content varied from 6.3-12.4%; and protein content from 22.4 to 46.9% and mineral content varied from 5.3 to 24.2%. Some of the feeds were found to be very low in fat content (1%). Variations in the proportions of the amino acids in the grower feeds were to a limited extent only. But fatty acid analysis showed great variation among greater feeds. C18:3 was not present in any of the samples analyzed. The level of C20:5 was very low in one of the samples and the same feed was with low level of C22:6 (1.7%). The study points out the need for formulating the fish feed on the basis of the nutritional requirements of fish.
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    Biochemical composition of myctophid species diaphus watasei and myctophum obtusirostre caught from Arabian sea
    (Society of Fisheries Technologists (India), 2013) Rajamoorthy, K.; Pradeep, K.; Anandan, R.; Libin, B.; Sankar, T.V.; Lakshmanan, P.T.
    An attempt was made to evaluate the biochemical composition of myctophid fishes Diaphus watasei and Myctophum obtusirostre collected from Arabian Sea (8°30’50"N - 9°07’50"N lat and 75°49’20"E - 75°58’60"E long). The moisture content in D. watasei was significantly lower (63.19 ± 0.47%) compared to M. obtusirostre (71.32%), while fat content was significantly higher in D. watasei (15.13%) compared to M obtusirostre (3.54%). Protein also comprised significant proportions in these myctophids, contributing 21.40% in D. watasei and 22.64% in M. obtusirostre, with substantial amount of essential amino acids. The foremost amino acid was glutamic acid in both the species. Ash content was significantly higher in M. obtusirostre (3.06%) compared to D. watasei (1.33%). The present study indicates that both species contain good quantity of essential amino acids required for human nutrition.
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    Biochemical investigations on Antarctic krill Euphausia superba
    (Society of Fisheries Technologists (India), 2000) Ragunath, M.R.; Sankar, T.V.; Radhakrishnan, A.G.; Mathew, S.; Ammu, K.
    Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba Dana), caught by the first Indian krill expedition was processed on board into whole krill, peeled tail meat and whole krill mince. These were analysed for trace metals, lipids, cholesterol, fatty acids and amino acids. Autolysis at various pH and temperatures as well as thermal coagulation of krill mince suspended in various media were also studied. Trace metals were below toxic levels while no pesticides were detected. Krill tail meat had small amount of lipids and cholesterol (0.81 and 0.033% respectively). The lipids were rich in C18:1, C20:5, C22:6, fatty acids. Autolytic activity at pH 3-4 and 8-10 was predominant in whole krill at 20 and 40 degree C but autolysis in tail meat was very low. Nearly 80% of the soluble proteins in krill suspension could be precipitated by rapid heating.
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    Biochemical profile and nutritional quality of Indian squid, Uroteuthis duvauceli
    (International Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Studies, 2018) Remyakumari, KR; Ginson, J; Ajeeshkumar, KK; Vishnu, KV; Asha, KK; Suseela, M
    This study was designed to find out the biochemical and nutritional profiling of Indian squid. Proximate composition of Uroteuthis duvauceli showed a content of 80.47% for moisture, 17.5% for protein, 0.52% for fat and 1.13% for ash, respectively. Amino acid analysis showed a higher content of glutamine, followed by aspartine, tryptopan, leucine, alanine and glycine. Higher concentrations of total amino acid (TAA), total essential amino acid (TEAA), total acidic amino acid (TAAA), total neutral amino acid (TNAA), total sulphur amino acid (TSAA) and total aromatic amino acid (TArAA) were observed. In case of fatty acids, saturated fatty acids, palmitic and stearic acid contributed highest quantity; whereas, DHA, EPA and arachidonic acid were the major unsaturated fatty acids in the sample. Among the macro minerals, potassium showed highest content followed by sodium and calcium. As in the case of micro minerals, magnesium content showed highest proportion and copper showed least quantity. Commendable quantities of biochemical and nutritional content in U. duvauceli signify the appropriateness of this moderately exploited resource as an essential nutrients for nutritionally deprived population.