Peer Reviewed Journal Articles (National) (B&N)

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Browsing Peer Reviewed Journal Articles (National) (B&N) by Author "Asha, K.K."

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    Antioxidant, functional properties and amino acid composition of pepsin-derived protein hydrolysates from whole tilapia waste as influenced by pre-processing ice storage
    (2017) Tejpal, C.S.; Vijayagopal, P.; Elavarasan, K.; Linga Prabhu, D.; Lekshmi, R.G.K.; Asha, K.K.; Anandan, R.; Chatterjee, N.S.; Mathew, S.
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    Biochemical Composition and Heavy Metal Content of Selected Marine Fish from the Gulf of Mannar, India
    (Central Institute of Fisheries Technology, Cochin, India, 2015) Ajeeshkumar, K.K.; Visnu, K.V.; Remyakumari, K.R.; Navaneethan, R.; Asha, K.K.; Ganesan, B.; Chatterjee, N.S.; Anandan, R.; Suseela Mathew
    Biochemical composition of five marine fish; grey bamboo shark, yellow margin trigger fish, paleedged stingray, laced moray and Japanese leatherjacket fish from the Gulf of Mannar, India were evaluated. Moisture, protein, lipid and ash content for the samples ranged between 75.07-76.74, 17.99-20.97, 1-3.5 and 1.46-1.93% respectively. Profiles of heavy metal, fatty acid and amino acid data were also collected. The predominant fatty acids recorded in all five species were docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), arachidonic acid (AA) and palmitic acid. All five species contain high content of different essential and non-essential amino acids namely glutamic acid, aspartic acid, arginine, serine and lysine. Significant amount of iron (13-50 ppm), zinc (2.5-10.5 ppm) and copper (0.18-4.03 ppm) were found in all the fishes. Among heavy metals, cadmium (0.05-0.1 ppm) was detected which is below permissible limit.
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    Changes in the nutritional profile of Godavari hilsa shad, tenualosa ilisha (Hamilton, 1822) during its anadromous migration from bay of Bengal to the river Godavari
    (Indian Council of Agricultural Research, 2012) Rao, B.M.; Murthy, L.N.; Mathew, S.; Asha, K.K.; et al.
    Godavari hilsa shad is a premium priced and highly sought after anadromous fish that annually migrates from Bay of Bengal to the River Godavari, Andhra Pradesh, India during post-monsoon for spawning. The protein content was slightly higher in marine hilsa (22.69%). Wide variation in fat content of hilsa was observed during its anadromous migration. The fat content in the marine hilsa was 12.4% which increased in brackishwater habitat to 17.3% and progressively decreased in river habitat (14.51 to 8.78%). Polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) content showed an increasing trend with lowest in marine hilsa (11.41%) and highest in Godavari hilsa (26.87%). Tetradecanoic acid (myristic acid) (325.3 mg%) was the most prominent SFA and octadec-9-enoicacid (oleic acid) (816.8 mg%) was the dominant MUFA in Godavari hilsa. Docosa-4,7,10,13,16,19-hexaenoic acid (DHA)(245.8 mg%) was the most significant PUFA followed by eicosa-5,8,11,14,17-pentaenoic acid (EPA) (45.4 mg%) and octadeca-9,12,15-trienoic acid (alpha-linolenic Acid) (42.1 mg%). The results of the study show that nutritional composition of Godavari hilsa changes during its migration and the hilsa from River Godavari appears to be better than the marine hilsa from Bay of Bengal.
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    Development of thiamine and pyridoxine loaded ferulic acid-grafted chitosan microspheres for dietary supplementation
    (2016) Chatterjee, N.S.; Anandan, R.; Navitha, M.; Asha, K.K.; Ashok Kumar, K.; Mathew, S.; Ravishankar, C.N.
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    Development of thiamine and pyridoxine loaded ferulic acid-grafted chitosan microspheres for dietary supplementation
    (Springer, 2016) Chatterjee, N.S.; Anandan, R.; Mary, Navitha; Asha, K.K.; Ashok kumar, K.; Suseela Mathew; Ravishankar, C.N.
    Therapeutic potential of water soluble vitamins has been known for long and in recent times they are being widely supplemented in processed food. Phenolic acid-grafted chitosan derivatives can serve as excellent biofunctional encapsulating materials for these vitamins. As a proof of concept, thiamine and pyridoxine loaded ferulic acid-grafted chitosan microspheres were developed. Ferulic acid was successfully grafted on chitosan by a free radical mediated reaction and the structure was confirmed by FTIR and NMR analysis. When compared to FTIR spectra of chitosan, intensity of amide I (at around 1644 cm−1) and amide II (at around 1549 cm−1) bands in spectra of ferulic acid-grafted chitosan were found increased, indicating formation of new amide linkage. Strong signals at δ=6.3–7.9 ppm corresponding to methine protons of ferulic acid were observed in NMR spectra of ferulic acidgrafted chitosan, suggesting the successful grafting of ferulic acid onto chitosan. Grafting ratio of the derivative was 263 mg ferulic acid equivalent/g polymer. Positively charged particles zeta potential 31 mv) of mean diameter 4.5 and 4.8 μ, corresponding to number distribution and area distribution respectively were observed. Compact microspheres with smooth surfaces and no apparent cracks or pores were observed under scanning electron microscope. Efficient microencapsulation was further proved by X-ray diffraction patterns and thermal analysis. Preliminary anti-inflammatory activity of the vitamin-loaded microspheres was demonstrated.
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    Effect of fish protein on isoprenaline - induced alterations in lipid and antioxidant status in adipose tissue of rats
    (Society of Fisheries Technologists (India), Cochin, 2008) Asha, K.K.; Anandan, R.; Nair, P.G.V.
    The present study was designed to examine the protective effect of 20% fish protein in adipose tissue of isoprenaline-treated male albino rats. The protective effect was determined based on the following criteria: total body and adipose tissue weight, protein concentration in adipose tissue, total lipid in adipose tissue, concentrations of total cholesterol, triglycerides, free fatty acids and phospholipids of serum and adipose tissue and anti-peroxidative enzymes in adipose tissue. Fish protein feeding brought about a significant decrease in the total body weight and adipose tissue weight and in levels of adipose tissue total lipid, cholesterol, triglycerides and free fatty acids. Fish protein fed rats showed significant rise in adipose tissue protein content. It also prevented a rise in antiperoxidative enzymes catalase and superoxide dismutase and elevated the levels of reduced glutathione which indicates that fish protein protects against lipid peroxidation. Fish protein feeding has also led to lowering of serum cholesterol, triglycerides and free fatty acids and increased the proportion of HDL cholesterol. The protective effect of fish protein is believed to be due to its unique amino acids content namely, the reduced methionine: glycine and lysine: arginine ratios and increased sulphur containing amino acids.
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    Effect of rhizophora root extracts on wound healing and yeast-induced pyrexia in rats
    (Society of Fisheries Technologists(India),Cochin, 2012) Mathew, M.; Xavier, K.A.M.; Mathew, S.; Asha, K.K.; Kumar, K.A.
    Mangrove plants are part of tropical marine ecosystems of coastal regions of Kerala, India and their parts are widely used as folklore medicines. Root extracts of Rhizophora mucronata and Rhizophora apiculata from Cochin backwater area, Kerala, India were screened for antipyretic and wound healing properties. Methanolic aqueous root extracts of R. mucronata and R. apiculata were tested at 460 and 535 mg kg super(-1) concentrations respectively, in male albino rats. In both cases, bioactivities were compared with that of standard drug and a control group. Among the two species analyzed, maximum activity was observed in the methanolic root extracts of R. apiculata followed by R. mucronata. It is postulated that antipyretic and wound healing effects are caused by inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis and decrease in the cytokine levels. Phytochemical screening of residues revealed the presence of carbohydrates, alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, saponins and glycosides, which may account for the observed pharmaceutical effects in the Rhizophora species studied.
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    Extraction and characterization of acid soluble collagen (ASC) from airbladder of striped cat fish(Pangasius hypophthalmus)
    (2018) Vijayan, D.K.; Sreerekha, P.R.; Tejpal, C.S.; Asha, K.K.; Mathew, S.; Ravishankar, C.N.; Anandan, R.
    The aim of the present study was to extract high pure acid soluble collagen (ASC) from the airbladder of striped cat fish (Pangasius hypophthalmus). ASC was extracted and its physico-chemical characterization was carried out to confirm the purity and structural integrity of extracted collagen. The yield of ASC extract was determined to be 73.4±0.8% of the dry weight of raw material. Amino acid analysis revealed the glycine content as 243.0±1.3 residues/1000 residues, imino acids as 186.1±1.4 residues/1000 residues respectively and was shown to be devoid of non-collagenous amino acids such as tryptophan. Electrophoretic analysis confirmed the subunit pattern of type I collagen and showed that it also contained β and ɤ subunits. UV/Vis absorption and FT-IR analysis demonstrated the primary and secondary structural integrity of collagen and also indicated that no denaturation had occurred during extraction process. 1H-NMR analysis validated the structural integrity of collagen triple helix. The denaturation temperature (Td) of ASC was assessed as 33.3 °C. The air bladder collagen extracted from striped cat fish is of high purity and belongs to type I with intact triple helical structure
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    Flavonoids and phenolic compounds in two mangrove species and their antioxidant property
    (2012) Asha, K.K.; Mathew, S.; Lakshmanan, P.T.
    In the present study the content of phenolic compounds and flavonoids in root extract of Rhizophora apiculata and Acanthus ilicifolius was determined, their antioxidant property was assayed a nd the protective effect of R. apiculata root extract on induced-oxidative stress was examined. R. apiculata and A. ilicifolius root extracts were found to be rich sources of phenolic compounds and flavonoids. DPPH free ra dical scavenging assay has shown that R. apiculata has a better antioxidant activity than A. illicifolius . R. apiculata root extract had protective effect on sodium nitrite-induced oxidative stress in brain of rats. The extract normalized the sodium nitrite-in duced alterations in the levels of glutathione, lipid peroxides and antiperoxidativ e enzymes like catalase and superoxide dismutas e. Mangrove root extract had a beneficial effect in ameliorating oxidative stress in the brain of rats which may be attributed to the presence of flavonoid and polyphenolic compounds.
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    Nutritional Profile and Heavy Metal Content of Cultured Milkfish (Chanos chanos)
    (Society of Fisheries Technologists(India), 2016) Murthy, L.N.; Padiyar, P.A.; Rao, B.M.; Asha, K.K.; Jesmi, D.; Girija, P.G.; Prasad, M.M.; Ravishankar, C.N.
    Nutritional profile of fresh cultured milkfish (Chanos chanos) revealed that the fish had good quantity of protein, amino acids and poly-unsaturated fatty acids. Essential amino acids formed 49.49% of the total amino acids of milkfish meat. Leucine (8%), lysine (7.3%), phenyl alanine (6.7%) and histidine (6.1%) were the predominant essential amino acids. Glutamic acid (18.2%) was the dominant nonessential amino acid. The fish was rich in unsaturated fatty acids (50.74%) of which mono unsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) and poly unsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) constituted 34.47 and 16.27%, respectively. The predominant MUFA, PUFA and saturated fatty acids were oleic acid C18:1 (26.1%), linoleic acid C18:2 (10.9%) and palmitic acid C16:0 (29.82%). Heavy metals such as zinc, copper, cadmium, cobalt, mercury and lead in different body organs of cultured milkfish were within the acceptable limit. The cultured milkfish can be considered as important fish for human nutrition.
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    Protective Effects of Echinorhinus brucus Liver Oil against Induced Inflammation and Ulceration in Rats
    (Central Institute of Fisheries Technology, Cochin, India, 2015) Vishnu, K.V.; Ajeeshkumar, K.K.; Asha, K.K.; Remyakumari, K.R.; Ganesan, B.; Anandan, R.; Chatterjee, N.S.; Suseela Mathew
    Anti-inflammatory and anti-ulcer activities of Bramble shark (Echinorhinus brucus) liver oil were examined in rats. The oil showed significant proportion of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), the percentages of EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid) and DHA (docosahexaenoic acid) being 16 and 18% respectively. The study also revealed that liver oil had a very favourable n3:n6 ratio of 4.7. Oral administration of shark liver oil at 1g kg-1 concentration significantly attenuated the formalin-induced paw edema in experimental rats. It exerted potent anti-ulcer effect against acid-ethanol mixturemediated lesion formation in the rat gastric mucosa.
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    Proximate Composition and Fatty Acid Profiling of Four Marine Fish Species of Gujarat Coast
    (Society of Fisheries Technologists(India), 2016) Sivaraman, G.K.; Renuka, V.; Jha, A.K.; Susmitha, V.; Sreerekha, P.R.; Vimaladevi, S.; Asha, K.K.; Anandan, R.; Mathew, S.; Mohanthy, B.P.
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    Taurine supplementation reduces the oxidative stress associated with galactosamine - induced fulminant hepatic failure in rats
    (Society of Fisheries Technologists(India),Cochin, 2011) Asha, K.K.; Devadasan, K.
    The hepatoprotective effect of taurine on galactosamine (GalN)-induced hepatitis, an experimental model for fulminant hepatic failure was studied in Wistar strain male rats. Among the four groups of rats taken for the study, group one served as the control, group two rats were administered with taurine, group three rats were injected intraperitoneally with GalN to induce hepatitis and group four rats were administered with taurine prior to induction of hepatitis. The parameters studied were (i) the concentration of hepatic reduced glutathione (GSH); (ii) levels of hepatic thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS); (iii) the levels of hepatic antiperoxidative enzymes; (iv) the concentration of liver specific enzymes in serum; and (v) substantiating the biochemical findings by histopathological evidence. Both taurine administered and control rats showed similar values for all the parameters studied, indicating that taurine does not have any undesirable effect. A significant (p < 0.001) increase in the levels of enzymes in serum, and levels of TBARS in liver and decrease in the concentration of GSH and antiperoxidative enzymes in liver were observed in GalN-intoxicated rats. Prior treatment with taurine had negated the adverse effects of GalN-induced hepatitis as evidenced by decline in enzyme levels in serum and hepatic TBARS and the restoration of levels of GSH and antiperoxidative enzymes in liver. Liver histopathology shows that prior treatment with taurine protects liver from extensive hepatocellular necrosis caused by GalN intoxication. The present study revealed that administration of taurine reduces oxidative stress in hepatitis-induced rats, attenuates hepatic lipid peroxidation and protects GSH levels.
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    Vanillic acid and coumaric acid grafted chitosan derivatives: improved grafting ratio and potential application in functional food
    (Springer, 2015) Chatterjee, N.S.; Panda, S.K.; Mary Navitha; Asha, K.K.; Anandan, R.; Suseela Mathew; Ravishankar, C.N.
    Abstract Chemically modified biofunctional chitosan derivatives may open up new applications in functional food and nutraceuticals development. Two new conjugates, namely vanillic acid and coumaric acid grafted chitosan derivatives were developed and comparative evaluation of their antioxidant and antimicrobial activities was carried out with ferulic acid and gallic acid grafted chitosan. The synthesized water soluble (1.0–4.5 mg/mL) chitosan-phenolic acid conjugates showed characteristic FTIR-spectroscopy band at around 1644 and 2933 cm−1. Free phenolic acid was not observed in TLC plate of the chitosan-phenolic acid conjugates and UV–vis spectra showed primary absorption peak of the corresponding phenolic acids confirming the grafting reaction. Total antioxidant activity of the chitosan-phenolic acid derivatives ranged from ~12 to 29 g ascorbic acid equivalent/100 g of the conjugate. Minute quantity of the derivatives (~57– 162 μg and 82–109 μg respectively) could give 50 % inhibition of 2, 2′-diphenyl-1- icrylhydrazyl radical and hydroxyl free radical. Broad spectrum antibacterial activity was observed for all four derivatives against an array of foodborne pathogens and spoilage bacteria. Coumaric acid grafted chitosan showed promise as a food preservative as it inhibited the growth of several foodborne pathogens and spoilage bacteria, including Staphylococcus aureus. Among all the four derivatives, ferulic acid and gallic acid grafted chitosan had lowest minimum inhibitory concentration against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa respectively.